Chapter 11

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Full Name: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Function: Stores genetic information
Location: Nucleus
Building Block: Nucleotide
Components of building blocks: phosphate, deoxyribose, nitrogenous base

Question 2

RNA

Answer 2

Full Name: Ribonucleic Acid
Function:
        tRNA: Carries amino acids to ribosome
        mRNA: Carriers the DNA message
        rRNA: Makes up the ribosome
Location: Nucleus
Building Block: Nucleotide
Components of building blocks: phosphates, ribose, nitrogenous base

Question 3

RNA polymerase

Answer 3

Unzips the DNA & makes RNA

Question 4

Start codon

Answer 4

AUG (methionine)

-Always start with a start codon

Question 5

Mutations

Answer 5

Substitution: substitute one base for a different one
Silent: no change in amino acid sequence
Insertion: add one or more nucleotides
Deletion: remove one or more nucleotides
Frameshift: when the way you read the amino acid sequence is altered due to insertion or deletion

Question 6

DNA replication

Answer 6

When: when you are making more cells
Step 1: DNA helicase unzips DNA
Step 2: DNA polymerase makes new DNA
Semi conservative: when DNA has one old strand and one new strand