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Food Safety and Quality > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

Biotechnology

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Gourmet Food flashcards
1
Q

What is biotechnology?

A

the utilization of biologically derived molecules, structure, cells or organisms to carry out specific process

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2
Q

What is modern biotechnology?

A
  1. In vitro nucleic acid techniques (DNA Based)
  2. Fusion of cells beyond the taxonomic family (Cell based)
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3
Q

What are GMOs?

A

Organisms in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally

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4
Q

What example was given for genetically modified foods?

A

Honeycrisp apple

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5
Q

______ seeds are creating using traditional breeding methods where using two different by compatible plants are crossbred to create a new plant

A

Hybrid

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6
Q

What are benefits of biotechnology for producers?

A
  1. Protect against either biotic or abiotic stress
  2. Decrease pesticide usage
  3. Enhance yield
  4. Extend shelf life
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7
Q

What is biotic stress?

A

living organsims which can harm plants, such as viruses, fungi, bacteria, and harmful insects

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8
Q

What is abiotic stress?

A

the effect of non-living factors which can harm living organisms, such as drought, extreme temp and pollutants

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9
Q

What are biotechnology benefits for consumers?

A

Increase nutritional value
increase medicinal properties
decrease allergenic potential
Enhance taste and esthetic appeal

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10
Q

What is bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)?

A

A gram-positive, soil dwelling bacterium

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11
Q

What produces spores and crystalline insecticidal proteins?

A

Bt

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12
Q

What protein is effective against certain insect pests and are harmless to humans, mammals and birds?

A

Bt

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13
Q

What is gossypol?

A

A naturally occurring compound in the pigment of cotton plants and protects them from pests and diseases.

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14
Q

What is an example of genetic engineering for virus control?

A

Papaya

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15
Q

AquAdvantage Salmon has been genetically engineered to grow _________ than its non-GE farm-raised Atlantic salmon counterpart.

A

more rapidly

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16
Q

True or False. GM rice (golden rice) with increased beta- carotene to reduce morbidity, including blindness and mortality from vitamin A.

A

True

17
Q

A combination of transgenes enabled ___________ of provitiamin A in the endosperm.

A

biosynthesis

18
Q

GM purple tomato is rich in ____________ and can give protection against cancer.

A

Antioxidants

19
Q

_______ can be bioreactors that need only water, minerals, sunlight, and the proper combination of genes to produce high-value biomolecules

A

Plants

20
Q

Biotechnology can also be applied to the production or transformation of food and food ingredients and animal feed by developing ______________ able to produce chemicals, antibiotics, polymers, amino acids, and various food additives

A

microorganisms

21
Q

True or False. The direct and indirect effects of genetically modified crops interact with the scale at which they are grown to determine the difficulty of predicting, testing, and monitoring their potential impacts.

A

True

22
Q

What are concerns of food biotechnology?

A

Environmental hazards
Human health risks
Economic concerns

23
Q

What is a superweed?

A

herbicide-tolerate

24
Q

_________ are genetic copies of an animal. They’re similar to identical twins, but born at different times.

A

Clones

25
Q

Public knowledge and understanding of biotechnology remains relatively ______.

A

low

26
Q

Who regulates food biotechnology products?

A

FDA
USDA
EPA

27
Q

Mandatory compliance date

A

Jan 1, 2022

28
Q

What are the disclosure options companies have?

A

QR code

Food Safety and Quality (8 decks)

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