Chapter 11 Flashcards
As a rad tech, it’s important to understand:
Emotions
What is emotional intelligence?
Ability to evalute, perceive, and control emotions
How should you communicate with patients?
Using care and empathy
What are personal needs?
Have our own needs to satisfy our career ambitions
What is the theory of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
People strive from a basic level of physiological needs toward a level of self-actualization. Each level must be satisfied before proceeding to the next.
What are the 7 levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Physiologic
Safety
Belongingness & Love
Esteem
Need to Know & Understand
Aesthetics
Self-Actualization
Physiologic need:
Largest most fundamental needs
Food, shelter, clothing, sexual gratification
Safety need:
Employment, health, and property
Belongingness & Love need:
Family and friendship
Need to Know & Understand need:
Conginitive need of the academic
Aesthetics need:
Emotional need of the artist
Self-actualization need:
Highest need
Confidence in who you are and what your goals are
Esteem need:
Self confidence and respect for self and others
Power a Rad Tech has over a patient:
Dignity
Self respect
Acknowledge how patient is feeling
Lack of satisfaction in level 1 can cause a patient to be unable to satisfy the other needs
What is impatient?
Admitted to the hosptial for diagnostic studies or treatment.
Occupy a bed for longer than 24 hours
Before arriving, they have been up & down hierarchy of needs
Must gain their confidence - always watching and listening
Define outpatients:
Patient has to come to the hosptial or outpatient center for diagnostic testing or treatment - no overnight stay.
One of the most challenging parts of the job is getting patients to:
Cooperate
Read and call or report order:
Let patient go
Radiologist reads and calls referring doctor or report issue to referring doctor
Hold and call or STAT order:
Radiologist reads while patient stayts there
Methods of communication:
Verbal
Nonverbal
Touch
Verbal communication (how to talk to patient):
Introduce yourself
Humor
Organizational vocabulary (sentence structure)
Speech and grammer
Nonverbal communication:
Paralanguage
Body language
What is paralanguage?
“Music of language” - you send signals by use of tone, speech, rate, pitch, stress, and volume
3 types of touch
Emotional
Emphasis
Palapation
What is emotional touch?
Conveys trying to be empathetic
What is emphasis touch?
Touch for highlight or specific instructions
What is palpation touch?
Light pressure for landmarks
Communicate to patients what you are doing
Aggressive vs. Assertive
Aggressive: rough handling, hurrying, being pushy
Assertive: calm, persuasive, firm expression of feelings
How to understand seriously ill and traumatized patients?
Determine coherent level; work quickly and efficiently
Continue to talk to the patient and explain procedures
How to understand visually impaired patients?
Explain the procedure; reassure with touch
How to understand speech and hearing impaired patient?
Write things down
Pantomime instructions
How to understand mentally imparied patients?
Use a strong yet reassuring voice
Not apporiate to send back to ER if patient cannot do exam or patient uncooperative
How to handle infants?
Hold in familiar positions
Most like a tight blanket
Soothing voice
8 months on - have anxiety being separated from parents
1 year olds can have vivid memories of medical experiences
How to handle toddlers(1-3)?
Live in the here and now
Familiar words are more effective
How to handle Pre-schoolers (3-5)
Not able to understand reason, or cause and effect
Must see or hear something to understand
Will not let you hold them unless you can win their trust
How to handle school age children (5-10)?
Begin to think logically and analyze
Fear of injury, disease, death and punishment
Can help rationalize why it is good to get exam
How to handle Adolescents (10-25 years)?
Early adolescence: body awareness and modesty is important
Middle adolesence: peer groups important - dev. independence, want to be treated as adult
Late adolescense: mature relationships, financially secure, treat as adults
How to handle young adults (25-45)?
New roles and responsibilites, may neglect one area to handle for another
How to handle middle aged (45-65)?
Found their place in life
When sick their place in life is threatened
How to handle mature adults (65+)?
Treat as middle aged becuase they are not on their way out
What is Gerontology/Geriatrics?
The study of aging and diseases of older adults
Gerontology Aging Categories
Young-old (65-75); healthy and active
Old-old (75-84); transitional
Oldest-old (85+); frail and infirm
What is primary aging?
Gradual, inevitable aging process that begins in childhood and goes through old age
What is secondary aging?
Aging from disease, abuse and disuse. This type of aging is within control of the individual
Physical changes of the nervous system:
Slowing of psychomotor responses, and slowing of visual acuity and process of information
Need to give time to move
Physical changes of the respiratory system?
Patient has decreased cough reflex
Avoid aspiration - give time to drink and swallow
Physical changes of the musculoskeletal system?
Osteoporosis
Patient has potential for falls
Decreased tolerance for hard table top
Physical changes of the cardiovascular system?
Decreased cardio efficiency
Avoid orthostatic hypotension by allowing to sit up before standing
Avoid chills
Physical changes of the integumentary system?
Loss of skin texture and elasticity
Avoid skin abrasions/lacerations
Physical changes of the GI system?
Decrease in secretions, loss of GI motility, and decreased sphincter muscle tone
Expect delays in small bowel studies
What is patient autonomy?
Patient has opinion about what health care they want to receive. Make decisions with their doctor about how symptoms controlled and how conscious they want to be at the end
What is advanced healthcare directives?
Patient states wishes beforehand if becomes unable to make decisions later
What is a living will?
Patient legally states what wishes are
What is health care proxy?
Power of Attorney.
Patient chooses someone to make decisions for them
What is CT and how is a patient prepped?
Used higher dose of ioning radiation.
IV contrast or Oral will be requested to be NPO or nothing by mouth 4 hours prior
Pros/Cons of ultrasound?
Good for visualizing body’s internal organs
Not useful for imaging bone or the air filled bowel
What is Bone Densitometry and what is the prep for patient?
Uses ionizing radiation to measure bone density.
No calcium or tums 24 hours before scan
