Chapter 10 Vocabulary

Question 1

factory system

Answer 1

a method of production in which large crews of people perform work in one location (p. 328)

Question 2

Industrial Revolution

Answer 2

an era in which widespread production by machinery replaced goods made by hand (p. 328)

Question 3

interchangeable parts

Answer 3

parts of a mechanism that can be substituted one for another (p. 330)

Question 4

market revolution

Answer 4

the transition from a pre-industrial economy to a market-oriented, capitalist economy (p. 328)

Question 5

reaper

Answer 5

a machine that cuts stalks of wheat or oats (p. 331)

Question 6

steamboat

Answer 6

a boat outfitted with steam boiler engines to power the paddle wheels that propel it forward (p. 331)

Question 7

strike

Answer 7

a work stoppage in order to force an employer to comply with demands (p. 328)

Question 8

telegraph

Answer 8

a machine that sends messages long distances by sending electrical pulses in code over electrical wires (p. 331)

Question 9

textile

Answer 9

the cloth and clothing made from cotton and other raw materials (p. 328)

Question 10

antebellum

Answer 10

before the American Civil War (p. 340)

Question 11

cotton gin

Answer 11

a machine that separates the cotton seeds and hulls from the cotton boll (tuft of cotton) (p. 338)

Question 12

interstate slave trade

Answer 12

the buying and selling of slaves within the United States (p. 339)

Question 13

passive resistance

Answer 13

a nonviolent refusal to obey authority and laws (p. 341)

Question 14

spirituals

Answer 14

a religious song based on scripture and figures in the Bible, first sung by enslaved people in the South (p. 341)

Question 15

abolition

Answer 15

the act of putting an end to something, such as slavery (p. 349)

Question 16

American System

Answer 16

a policy of promoting the U.S. industrial system through the use of tariffs, federal subsidies to build roads and other public works, and a national bank to control currency (p. 342)

Question 17

implied power

Answer 17

a power not explicitly stated in the Constitution (p. 343)

Question 18

Missouri Compromise

Answer 18

an agreement that stated the people of Missouri could own slaves and be admitted to the Union along with Maine, a free state (p. 344)

Question 19

monopoly

Answer 19

the complete and exclusive control of an industry by one company (p. 343)

Question 20

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 20

an approach to foreign policy that stated the American continents were no longer under European influence (p. 345)

Question 21

nationalism

Answer 21

the concept of loyalty and devotion to one’s nation (p. 342)

Question 22

republican motherhood

Answer 22

the idea that women should raise their children to be good citizens who participate in the government (p. 348)

Question 23

sectionalism

Answer 23

a loyalty to whichever section or region of the country one was from, rather than to the nation as a whole (p. 344)

Question 24

subsidy

Answer 24

government funds for improvements or support of commerce (p. 342)

Question 25

unorganized territory

Answer 25

lands governed by the federal government but not belonging to any state (p. 345)