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MiLady Fundamentals > Chapter 10 - Physiology & Histology of the Skin > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Physiology & Histology of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the structure and composition of the skin tissue

A

Skin histology

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2
Q

The basic material and building blocks for our body’s tissues

A

Proteins

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3
Q

Attributes of healthy skin

A

Somewhat acidic

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4
Q

The skins mechanism that protects us from irritation and intercellular transepidermal water loss

A

Barrier function

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5
Q

How does the body NOT thermoregulate?

A

Absorption

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6
Q

The outermost later of the skin

A

Epidermis

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7
Q

The bottom layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum germinativum

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8
Q

Fiberous protein that provides resiliency and protection to the skin

A

Keratin

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9
Q

What is the average cell turnover rate

A

28 days

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10
Q

What is know as the granular layer

A

Stratum granulosum

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11
Q

Protects the body from infections by identifying foreign material (antigens)

A

Langerhans immune cells

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12
Q

What stimulates melanin production

A

Sunlight/UV

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13
Q

What color is eumelanin

A

Dark brown to black

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14
Q

Fibrous protein that forms elastic tissue and gives skin its elasticity

A

Elastin

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15
Q

Denser deeper layer of the dermis

A

Reticular layer

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16
Q

What percentage of keratin does hair contain

A

90%

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17
Q

What glands secrete oil

A

Sebaceous glands

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18
Q

White blood cells that have enzymes to digest and kill bacteria and parasites

A

Leukocytes

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19
Q

What do lymphs not do

A

Supply nutrients

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20
Q

What rays are know as burning rays

A

UVB

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21
Q

Take electrons from compounds in the body such as proteins, lipids, or DNA

A

Free radicals

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22
Q

What is a result of tobacco on the skin

A

Contraction of blood vessels

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23
Q

Dilation is the capillary walls

A

Telangiectasia

24
Q

Chronic vascular disorder characterized by couperose veins and congestion of the skin

A

Rosacea

25
Q

What is phytoestrogen

A

Estrogen from plants

26
Q

Largest organ of the body

A

Skin

27
Q

Protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water

A

Acid mantle

28
Q

Fluid between epidermal cells

A

Intercellular matrix

29
Q

Cell stimulators

A

Fibroblasts

30
Q

Attached to the hair follicles contract and cause goosebumps

A

Arrector pili muscle

31
Q

Top outermost layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

32
Q

Thin, clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum

A

Stratum lucidum

33
Q

Spiny layer

A

Stratum spinosum

34
Q

Basal layer, located above the dermis, composed of a single layer of basal cells laying on a “basement layer”

A

Stratum germinativum

35
Q

The enzyme that stimulates melanocytes and thus produces melanin

A

Tyrosinase

36
Q

What color is pheomelanin

A

Red to yellow

37
Q

The support layer of connective tissues

A

Dermis

38
Q

Arrector pili muscles use what type of nerve

A

Motor

39
Q

A group of way lipid molecules important to barrier function and water-holding capacity such as glycolipids

A

Ceramides

40
Q

Stimulates skin cells to reproduce and heal

A

Epidermal growth factor (EDF)

41
Q

Opening for a sweat gland

A

Pore

42
Q

Oily substance that protects the surface of the skin and lubricates both the skin and hair

A

Sebum

43
Q

Fiber protein that provides resiliency and protection to the skin

A

Keratin

44
Q

Loose connective tissue and adipose tissue found below the reticular layer

A

Subcutaneous layer

45
Q

This connects the dermis to the epidermis

A

Papillary layer

46
Q

This creates a protective cushion that gives contour and smoothness to the body, as well as providing a source of energy for the body

A

Adipose tissue

47
Q

Coiled structures attached to the hair follicles found under the arms and in the genital area

A

Apocrine gland

48
Q

Sweat glands found all over the body with opening on the skin’s surface through pores

A

Eccrine glands

49
Q

Binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule, resulting in the formation of damaged, nonfunctioning structures

A

Glycation

50
Q

T / F the functions, layers, and anatomy of the skin are the foundation estheticians need to learn before caring for the skin

A

True

51
Q

T / F the body protects itself from the cold by dilating the blood vessels and increasing blood flow

A

False, decreases blood flow

52
Q

T / F Estheticians are licensed to work only on the epidermis unless they are working with a licensed medical practitioner

A

True

53
Q

T / F Triglycerides, ceramides, waxes, and fatty acids are made in the stratum germinativum

A

False, stratum granulosum

54
Q

T / F Damage to DNA triggers melanocyte stimulating hormones to produce melanin

A

True

55
Q

T / F Collagen and elastin are more widely spaced in the reticular layer than the papillary layer

A

False, widely spaced in papillary

56
Q

T / F UVA rays are more prevalent than UVB rays

A

True

57
Q

T / F Anything that causes a rise in blood sugar results in inflammation on a cellular level

A

True

MiLady Fundamentals (17 decks)

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