Chapter 10: Patient Assessment

Question 1

Scene Size Up

Answer 1

-Ensure safety
-Detemine MOI/NOI
-Take precautions
-# of pts
-Consider additional resources

Question 2

Primary Assessment

Answer 2

-General impressions
-LOC
-Chief complaint (if able)
-ABC
-Primary assessment
-Determine priority

Question 3

History Taking

Answer 3

SAMPLE

Question 4

Secondary Assessment

Answer 4

Focused
-Inspect
-Palpate
-Auscultate

Question 5

Reassessment

Answer 5

-Repeat primary
-Vitals
-Chief complaint
-Recheck interventions
-Identify and treat changes
-Reassess: Stable/ Unstable

Question 6

Assessment process

Answer 6

-Scene size up
-Primary assessment
-History taking
-Secondary assesment
-Reassess

Question 7

Incident Command System

Answer 7

-Multiple pts
-Est command
-Identify # of pts
-Begin triage

Question 8

General Impression

Answer 8

Rapid identifiction of potentially life threatining problems

Question 9

Assess LOC

Answer 9

-AVPU
-GSC

Question 10

Signs of Respiratory Distress and Failure

Answer 10

Distress
-agitation
-stridor
-accessory muscles
-tachypnea
-mild tachicardia
-nasal flaring
Failure
-lethargy
-tachypnea
-inadequate chest rise/fall
-inadequate RR
-bradychardia
-diminshed muscle tone

Question 11

History Taking Acronyms

Answer 11

SAMPLE
OPQRST
-pertinent negatives (reason for not doing something)

Question 12

Trauma Acronyms

Answer 12

DCAP-BTLS

Question 13

Respiratory Ranges

Answer 13

RRQ-Rate rhythm quality
Infant 30-60
Toddler 24-40
Preschoolers 22-34
School aged 18-30
Adolescants 12-16
Adults 12-20

Question 14

Breath Sounds

Answer 14

-Normal
-Snoring: Upper airway obstruction
-Stridor: Neck or upper chest obstruction
-Wheezing: Narrowing in left fields
*wheezing: high pitched
*crackles: wet, crackling (fluid)
*rhonchi: mucus or fluid, experation

Question 15

Respirations Charactersitics

Answer 15

-Normal
-Shallow
-Labored
-Noisy

Question 16

Pulse Rates

Answer 16

Infants (birth-3months) 85-205
Infants and toddlers (3 months-2 years) 100-190
Preschoolers and school aged (2 years-10 years) 60-140
Adults and children (10+) 60-100

Question 17

PPV

Answer 17

<8 breaths
>28 breaths

Question 18

Normal BP Ranges

Answer 18

Neonate (96 hours) 67-84
Infant (1-12 months) 72-104
Child (2 years) 86-106
Child (7 years) 97-115
Adolescant (15 years) 110-131
Adult 90-120

Question 19

Skin Assessment

Answer 19

Normal: Pink, warm, dry
Abnormal: Pale, cool, clammy

Question 20

GSC: Eyes

Answer 20

Resonse to:
Spontaneous 4
Sounds 3
Pressure 2
None 1

Question 21

GSC: Verbal

Answer 21

Oriented conversation 5
Confused conversation 4
Innapropriate words 3
Incomrehensible sounds 2
None 1

Question 22

GSC: Motor

Answer 22

Obeys commands 6
Localizes 5
Withdraws 4
Abnormal flexion 3
Abnormal extension 2
None 0

Question 23

Pupil assessment

Answer 23

PEARRL mneumonic

Question 24

Neurovascular Assessment

Answer 24

-Pulse
-Cap refill
-Sensation
-Motor function

Question 25

High Priority

Answer 25

-Unresponsive
-Altered LOC
-Chest pain
-Pale skin and poor perfusion
-Complicated birth

Question 26

Golden Hour

Answer 26

Time from injury to definitive care

Question 27

Platinum 10

Answer 27

Initial assessment and intervention

Question 28

Abdominal Assessment

Answer 28

TRD-P
-Tenderness
-Rigid
-Distention
-Pulsations

Question 29

Lung sounds

Answer 29

Crackl­es/­Rales
-high pitched popping
-low bubbling
-alveoli collapsed or PE
Wheezes
-high pitched sounds (narrowed passageways)
-asthma or COPD
Rhonchi
-low pitched
-continous gurgling
-increased secretions in large airways
Stridor
-intense, high pitched, continous
-airway obstruction