Chapter 10 - Nutrition Strategies for Maximizing Performance Flashcards

1
Q

Precompetition Nutrition

A

Should be familiar to the athlete

Choose from either high or low glucemic index

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2
Q

Precompetition Nutrition advantages

A

Enhance glycogen stores and improve exercise time to exhaustion when consumed 3 or more hours before

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3
Q

Precompetition Nutrition timing

A

Race as early as 7am, athlete should eat small amounts of food 1 to 2 hours before and during competition

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4
Q

General Guidelines for Precompetition

A

Hydrate several hours before

Eat at least 4h before the competition including approx.
1-4g/kg of carbs

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5
Q

4 hours before competition

A

1-4g/kg of carbs
0.15-0.25g of protein

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6
Q

2 hours before competition

A

1g/kg of carb

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7
Q

Prolonged Activity in hot weather

A

20-30mEq of sodium per liter, 2 to 5 mEq of potassium, and 5% to 10% of carb concentration

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8
Q

1 hour before competition

A

liquid sources of carbohydrates are preferable
0.5g/kg of carbs

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9
Q

Carbohydrate loading

A

THree days of a high carbs diet
8-10g/kg

or even 10-12g/kg 36-48hrs

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10
Q

During Event Nutrition

A

Athletes should consume enough fluid during exercise to prevent water weight losses exceeding 2% of body weight

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11
Q

Increase rate of carbohydrate absorption

A

Consuming multiple types of carbohydrates, such as sucrose, fructose, glucose or maltodextrin

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12
Q

Intermittent High Intensity Sports

A

Tennis players
200-400ml fluid per changeover

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13
Q

Post Competition Nutrition

A

athletes may wait up to 2 hours after finishing a glycogen depleting event before eating carbohydrate

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14
Q

Protein After Training

A

To help in the breaks down muscle tissue

It increases the rate of glycogen storage if carbs intake is inadequate

helps to decrease some markers of muscle damage

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15
Q

BMR

A

Basal Metabolic Rate

the largest contributor to total energy expenditure (65-70%)

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16
Q

Energy expended in physical activity

A

second-largest component of energy expenditure

17
Q

Diet-induced thermogenesis

A

Thermic effect of food

increase in energy expendirure above the RMR several hours following a meal

18
Q

Harris-Benedict calorie needs

A

Takes sex, body weight, heigh, and age into account RMR

19
Q

RMR

A

RMR x Activity factor

20
Q

Activity Factor

A

1.2 (sedentary) to 1.9 (heavy physical activity)

21
Q

Cunningham equation

A

RMR = 550+22(LBM)

22
Q

Weight Gain

A

500 additional calories per day

eating large potions sizes, increasing meal frequency, focusing on choosing calorie-dense

PROTEIN INTAKE: 1.5-2.0g/kg

23
Q

Weight (Fat) Loss

A

Protein INTAKE: 1.8-2.7g/kg

24
Q

BMI

A

<18.5 under
18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
30-34.9 obese I
35-39.9 obese II
>40 extreme obese

25
1 lb
3.500 KCAL
26
BMI Calculation
Weight (kg)/ Height (m) ² [Lb/(in) ² ] x 703
27
Anorexia Nervosa
Distorted body image and an intense fear of gaining weight
28
Binge Eating Disorder
repeated episodes, occurring at least once a week for a period of three weeks, of UNCONTROLLED BINGE EATING (eat more than anybody)
29
Bulimia Nervosa
recurrent consumption of food in greater amounts. Purging follows episodes of binge eating self-induced vomiting, intense exercise, laxative use, or diuretic use
30
Bulimia Nervosa Symptoms
at least once a week for a period of three months Chronically inflamed and sore throat Swollen salivary glands Torn tooth enamel Acid reflux disorder Intestinal distress Severe dehydration from purging of fluids
31
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
apparent lack of interest in eating or food, avoidance based on the sensory characteristics of food significant weight loss significant nutritional deficiency
32
PICA
people eat nonnutritive substances for a period of at least one month electrolyte and metabolic disorders, intestinal obstructions, waring away of tooth enamel, gastrointestinal problems testing for anemia is recommended
33
Rumination Disorder
involves chewing, swallowing, or spitting of regurgitated food display for at least one month