Chapter 10- Nail Disorders and Diseases

Question 1

nails are small ______ into an individuals general health

Answer 1

mirrors

Question 2

you must be able to identify those conditions on a clients nails and determine if they should or should not be . . .

Answer 2

treated in a salon

Question 3

you must acknowledge infections conditions that may be present so you can . . .

Answer 3

take the appropriate steps to protect yourself and clients from the spread of disease

Question 4

you need to be able to recognize conditions that may signal mild to serious health problems that warrant the attention of a _____.

Answer 4

doctor

Question 5

a normal healthy nail is …

Answer 5

form but flexible

Question 6

the surface of a normal healthy nail is

Answer 6

shiny, smooth and unspotted with no wavy ridges, pits or splits.

Question 7

a condition caused by injury, heredity or previous disease of the nail unit

Answer 7

nail disorder

Question 8

a clients whose nail or skin is infected, inflamed, broken or swollen should ____ receive services and should be __________ to a physician to determine the type of treatment that is required

Answer 8

not

referred

Question 9

sometimes called furrows, or corrugations are visiable depressions running along the width of the natural nail plate

Answer 9

Beau’s Lines

Question 10

a condition in which the blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot

Answer 10

Bruised nail beds

Question 11

noticeably thin, white nail plates that are more flexible than normal

Answer 11

eggshell nails

Question 12

a condition in which the living skin around the nail place splits and tears.

Answer 12

hangnail

Question 13

if there is no sign on infection, or open wound, advise the client that proper nail care such as ________ manicures, will add in correcting the condition

Answer 13

hot oil

Question 14

clients with symptoms of infections in their fingers should be referred to a _________. Signs of infection are _______,______,______, or _____.

Answer 14

physician 
redness
pain
swelling
pus

Question 15

also known as white spots, are whitish dislocations of the nails, usually caused by minor injury to the nail matrix

Answer 15

Leukonychia spots

Question 16

darkening of the fingernails or toenails, it may be seen as a black band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge

Answer 16

melanoychia

Question 17

a localized area of increased pigment cells, usually within the _______ , is responsible for this condition (melanonychia)

Answer 17

matrix

Question 18

also known as bitten nails, is the result of a habit of cheering the nail or the hardened, damaged skin surrounding the nail plate

Answer 18

onychophagy

Question 19

referred to the split or brittle nails that have a series of lengthwise ridges giving a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate. This condition is usually caused by injury to the matrix, excessive use of cuticle removers.

Answer 19

onychorrhexis

Question 20

also known as folded nails, is a type of highly curved nail plate, usually caused by injury to the matrix, but it may be inherited. This condition often leads to ingrown nails

Answer 20

pilcatured nail

Question 21

vertical lines running down the length of the natural plate that are caused by uneven growth of the nails, usually the result of normal aging

Answer 21

ridges

Question 22

caused by physical trauma or injury to the nail bed that damages the capillaries and allows small amounts of blood flow

Answer 22

splinter hemorrhage

Question 23

these will always be positioned lengthwise in the direction of growth becasue this is how the bed epithelium rails grow

Answer 23

splinter hemorrhages

Question 24

also known as trumpet nails. the nail can also curl in on itself may be deformed only on one side wall or the edges of the nail plate may curl around to form the shape of s trumpet or sharp cone at the free edge

Answer 24

pincer nail

Question 25

many disorders are caused by _____.

Answer 25

diseases

Question 26

any deformity or disease of the natural nail

Answer 26

onychosis

Question 27

the inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the natural nail plate

Answer 27

onychia

Question 28

fungal infection of the natural nail plate

Answer 28

onychomycosis

Question 29

parasites that may cause infections of the feet and hands

Answer 29

fungi

Question 30

is it possible that a cosmetologist could become infected from a client?

Answer 30

it is possible but extremely unlikely

Question 31

is it possible to transmit fungal infections from one clients foot or toe to another client?

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

once of several common bacteria that can cause a nail infection or staph

Answer 32

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 33

in the past, de colorations of the nail plate were generally referred to as ______ which is a type of fungus

Answer 33

molds

Question 34

what term should not be used when referring to infections of the fingernails or toenails.

Answer 34

molds

Question 35

a typical pseudomonas bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a light green spot becomes ________ in its advanced stages

Answer 35

darker

Question 36

a sever inflammation of the nail in which a lump of read tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate

Answer 36

pyogenic granuloma

Question 37

also known as athletes foot, is the medical term for fungal infections of the feet. These infections can occur on the bottoms of feet and often appear as a red itchy rash in the spaces between the toes, most often between the fourth and fifth toe

Answer 37

tinea pedis

Question 38

a no infectionious condition that affects the surface of the natural nail plate causing tiny outs or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate

Answer 38

nail psoriasis

Question 39

also known as ingrown nails, can afford either the fingers or toes

Answer 39

onychocryptosis

Question 40

lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding, usually beginning at the free edge and continuing toward the lanula area. this is usually the result of physical injury trauma or allergic reaction of the nail bed and less often related to a health disorder

Answer 40

onycholysis

Question 41

the desperation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed. it can affect the fingernails and toes nails. in most cases the cause can be traced to a localized infection.

Answer 41

onychomadesis