Chapter 10- Nail Disorders and Diseases Flashcards
nails are small ______ into an individuals general health
mirrors
you must be able to identify those conditions on a clients nails and determine if they should or should not be . . .
treated in a salon
you must acknowledge infections conditions that may be present so you can . . .
take the appropriate steps to protect yourself and clients from the spread of disease
you need to be able to recognize conditions that may signal mild to serious health problems that warrant the attention of a _____.
doctor
a normal healthy nail is …
form but flexible
the surface of a normal healthy nail is
shiny, smooth and unspotted with no wavy ridges, pits or splits.
a condition caused by injury, heredity or previous disease of the nail unit
nail disorder
a clients whose nail or skin is infected, inflamed, broken or swollen should ____ receive services and should be __________ to a physician to determine the type of treatment that is required
not
referred
sometimes called furrows, or corrugations are visiable depressions running along the width of the natural nail plate
Beau’s Lines
a condition in which the blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot
Bruised nail beds
noticeably thin, white nail plates that are more flexible than normal
eggshell nails
a condition in which the living skin around the nail place splits and tears.
hangnail
if there is no sign on infection, or open wound, advise the client that proper nail care such as ________ manicures, will add in correcting the condition
hot oil
clients with symptoms of infections in their fingers should be referred to a _________. Signs of infection are _______,______,______, or _____.
physician redness pain swelling pus
also known as white spots, are whitish dislocations of the nails, usually caused by minor injury to the nail matrix
Leukonychia spots
darkening of the fingernails or toenails, it may be seen as a black band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge
melanoychia
a localized area of increased pigment cells, usually within the _______ , is responsible for this condition (melanonychia)
matrix
also known as bitten nails, is the result of a habit of cheering the nail or the hardened, damaged skin surrounding the nail plate
onychophagy
referred to the split or brittle nails that have a series of lengthwise ridges giving a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate. This condition is usually caused by injury to the matrix, excessive use of cuticle removers.
onychorrhexis
also known as folded nails, is a type of highly curved nail plate, usually caused by injury to the matrix, but it may be inherited. This condition often leads to ingrown nails
pilcatured nail
vertical lines running down the length of the natural plate that are caused by uneven growth of the nails, usually the result of normal aging
ridges
caused by physical trauma or injury to the nail bed that damages the capillaries and allows small amounts of blood flow
splinter hemorrhage
these will always be positioned lengthwise in the direction of growth becasue this is how the bed epithelium rails grow
splinter hemorrhages
also known as trumpet nails. the nail can also curl in on itself may be deformed only on one side wall or the edges of the nail plate may curl around to form the shape of s trumpet or sharp cone at the free edge
pincer nail
many disorders are caused by _____.
diseases
any deformity or disease of the natural nail
onychosis
the inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the natural nail plate
onychia
fungal infection of the natural nail plate
onychomycosis
parasites that may cause infections of the feet and hands
fungi
is it possible that a cosmetologist could become infected from a client?
it is possible but extremely unlikely
is it possible to transmit fungal infections from one clients foot or toe to another client?
yes
once of several common bacteria that can cause a nail infection or staph
pseudomonas aeruginosa
in the past, de colorations of the nail plate were generally referred to as ______ which is a type of fungus
molds
what term should not be used when referring to infections of the fingernails or toenails.
molds
a typical pseudomonas bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a light green spot becomes ________ in its advanced stages
darker
a sever inflammation of the nail in which a lump of read tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate
pyogenic granuloma
also known as athletes foot, is the medical term for fungal infections of the feet. These infections can occur on the bottoms of feet and often appear as a red itchy rash in the spaces between the toes, most often between the fourth and fifth toe
tinea pedis
a no infectionious condition that affects the surface of the natural nail plate causing tiny outs or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate
nail psoriasis
also known as ingrown nails, can afford either the fingers or toes
onychocryptosis
lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding, usually beginning at the free edge and continuing toward the lanula area. this is usually the result of physical injury trauma or allergic reaction of the nail bed and less often related to a health disorder
onycholysis
the desperation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed. it can affect the fingernails and toes nails. in most cases the cause can be traced to a localized infection.
onychomadesis
