Chapter 10 Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

any behavior intended to harm another person who is motivated to avoid the harm

A

aggression

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2
Q

any behavior that intentionally harms a substitute target rather than the provacateur

A

displaced aggression

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3
Q

any behavior that intentionally harms another person who is physically present

A

direct aggression

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4
Q

any behavior that intentionally harms another person who is physically absent

A

indirect aggression

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5
Q

hot, impulsive, angry behavior motivated by a desire to harm someone

A

hostile (reactive) aggression

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6
Q

cold, premeditated, calculated harmful behavior that is a means to some practical or material end

A

instrumental (proactive) aggression

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7
Q

aggression that has as its goal extreme physical harm, such as injury or death

A

violence

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8
Q

behavior that either damages interpersonal relationships or is culturally undesirable

A

antisocial behavior

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9
Q

an innate (inborn, biologically programmed) tendency to seek a particular goal, such as food, water, or sex

A

instinct

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10
Q

in Freudian theory, the constructive, life-giving instinct

A

eros

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11
Q

in Freudian theory, the destructive, death instinct

A

thanatos

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12
Q

observing and copying or imitating the behavior of others

A

modeling

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13
Q

proposal that “the occurrence of aggressive behavior always presupposes the existence of frustration” and “the existence of frustration always leads to some form of aggression”

A

frustration-aggression hypothesis

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14
Q

blockage of or interference with a personal goal

A

frustration

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15
Q

the tendency to perceive ambiguous actions by others as aggressive

A

hostile attribution bias

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16
Q

the tendency to perceive social interactions in general as being aggressive

A

hostile perception bias

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17
Q

the tendency to assume that people will react to potential conflicts with aggression

A

hostile expectation bias

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18
Q

a response to stress that involves aggressing against others or running away

A

fight or flight syndrome

19
Q

a response to stress that involves nurturing others and making friends

A

tend and befriend syndrome

20
Q

behavior that involves intentionally harming another person’s social relationships, feelings of acceptance, or inclusion within a group

A

relational aggression

21
Q

persistent aggression by a perpetrator against a victim for the purpose of establishing a power relationship over the victim

22
Q

the use of the internet (e.g. email, social networking sites, blogs) to bully others

A

cyberbullying

23
Q

violence that occurs within the home or family, between people who have a close relationship with each other

A

domestic violence

24
Q

the increase in aggression that occurs as a result of the mere presence of a weapon

A

weapons effect

25
the number of people in a given area
density
26
the subjective and unpleasant feeling that there are too many people in a given area
crowding
27
the male sex hormone, high levels of which have been linked to aggression and violence in both animals and humans
testosterone
28
the "feel good" neurotransmitter, low levels of which have been linked to aggression and violence in both animals and humans
serotonin
29
an addictive stimulant drug obtained from the leaves of the coca plant
cocaine
30
according to Malaysian culture, refers to behavior of a young man who becomes "uncontrollably" violent after receiving a blow to his ego
running amok
31
a society that places high value on individual respect, strength and virtue, and accepts and justifies violent action in response to threats to one's honor
culture of honor
32
killing another individual who has brought "dishonor" to the family (e.g. a woman who has committed adultery)
honor killing
33
a state of disgrace or loss of self-respect (or of respect from others)
humiliation
34
not telling the truth
lying
35
socially unacceptable words such as profanity or swear words; speech that constitutes sexual harassment or discrimination, hate speech, and verbally abusive words
taboo words
36
to claim that ideas or words of another person as one's own without crediting that person
plagiarize
37
using someone's personal information (e.g. social security number) in order to obtain money or credit from their bank accounts
identity theft
38
a sense of anonymity and loss of individuality, as in a large group, making people especially likely to engage in antisocial behaviors such as theft
deindividuation
39
social standards that prescribe what people ought to do
norms
40
norms that specify what most others approve or disapprove of
injunctive norms
41
norms that specify what most people do
descriptive norms
42
the unpleasant emotional response people experience when someone is trying to restrict their freedom to engage in a desired behavior
psychological reactance
43
proposal that signs of disorder such as broken windows, litter, and graffiti induce other antisocial behaviors
broken windows theory