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Oral Pathology > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the

A) zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

B) glenoid fossa of the temporal bone.

C) external acoustic meatus.

D) spine of the sphenoid bone.

A

B) glenoid fossa of the temporal bone.

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2
Q

Which statement about the articular disc in the TMJ joint is true?

A) It is attached to the anterior and posterior aspects of the condyle.

B) It is attached to the inferior belly of the medial pterygoid muscle.

C) The disc is highly vascular.

D) The disc is surrounded and protected by the fibrous connective tissue joint capsule.

A

D) The disc is surrounded and protected by the fibrous connective tissue joint capsule.

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3
Q

During opening of the jaw

A) rotational movement precedes translation.

B) rotational movement follows translation.

C) only rotational movement occurs; translation occurs only during closure.

D) only translational movement occurs; rotation occurs only during closure.

A

A) rotational movement precedes translation.

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4
Q

Which choice represents an indirect form of trauma affecting the TMJ?

A) Clenching, bruxism

B) Whiplash injury

C) Psychosocial factors

D) Osteoarthritis

A

B) Whiplash injury

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5
Q

Clicking and popping most commonly reflect

A) parafunctional habits such as bruxism and clenching.

B) disc displacement with reduction.

C) malocclusion.

D) trismus.

A

B) disc displacement with reduction.

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6
Q

Which dental radiographic procedure is best for examining disc position, function, form, and the presence of joint effusions?

A) Panoramic imaging

B) Transcranial imaging

C) Computerized tomography (CT)

D) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

D) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

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7
Q

An open lock of the TMJ that the patient cannot reduce is termed

A) subluxation.

B) dislocation.

C) ankylosis.

D) myofascial pain.

A

B) dislocation.

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8
Q

Which statement is characteristic of a patient with osteoarthritis?

A) It is characterized by pain that is worse in the morning.

B) It is characterized by pain that is worse in the evening.

C) It is an inflammatory, autoimmune disorder of the joints.

D) Approximately 50% to 75% of patients have involvement of the TMJ during the course of the disease.

A

B) It is characterized by pain that is worse in the evening.

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9
Q

The purpose of the synovial fluid is to

A) provide nourishment and lubrication.

B) divide the space into upper and lower compartments.

C) govern mandibular movement.

D) separate forces resulting from movement.

A

A) provide nourishment and lubrication.

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10
Q

Trauma affecting the TMJ is classified as direct, indirect, and secondary to parafunctional habits. Which is an example of a parafunctional habit?

A) Whiplash injury

B) Assault

C) Surgery

D) Clenching

A

D) Clenching

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11
Q

The most common systemic conditions that affect the TMJ are

A) Sjögren syndrome and scleroderma.

B) rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

C) gout and Reiter syndrome.

D) ankylosing spondylitis and mixed connective tissue disease.

A

B) rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

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12
Q

Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) can be caused by disorders of the muscles of mastication or by internal derangements of the components of the joint. Three cardinal features that suggest TMD include orofacial pain, joint noise, and restricted jaw function.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

A

A) Both statements are true.

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13
Q

Tenderness over the lateral pole of the condyle is indicative of

a. crepitus.
b. capsulitis.
c. trismus.
d. auscultation.

A

b. capsulitis.

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14
Q

Caution is recommended with long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) because of what complications?

a. Gastrointestinal
b. Cardiovascular
c. Psychiatric
d. Arthritis

A

b. Cardiovascular

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15
Q

All are benign tumors that arise in the condyle except one. Which is the exception?

A) Osteoblastoma

B) Synovial chondromatosis

C) Osteoma

D) Chondroblastoma

A

B) Synovial chondromatosis

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16
Q

Which dental radiographic imaging is best for identifying bone abnormalities such as osteophytes, condylar erosion, fractures, ankylosis, and condylar hyperplasia?

A) Panoramic imaging

B) Transcranial imaging

C) Computerized tomography (CT)

D) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

C) Computerized tomography (CT)

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17
Q

Hypermobility in which the patient is able to relocate the mandible back into the glenoid fossa is referred to as

A) subluxation.

B) dislocation.

C) ankylosis.

D) myofascial pain.

A

A) subluxation.

18
Q

The TMJ exhibits ginglymoarthrodial, or __________, movement.

A) rotational and translational

B) opening

C) closing

D) maximal interdigitation

A

A) rotational and translational

19
Q

Opening, or depressor function, of the mandible is accomplished primarily by the _____________ muscle.

A) medial pterygoid

B) lateral pterygoid

C) masseter

D) temporalis

A

B) lateral pterygoid

20
Q

While up to _____% of the adult population has at least one sign and/or symptom of a temporomandibular disorder (TMD), most studies suggest that clinically significant TMD-related jaw pain, dysfunction, or both affects about _____% of the general population.

A) 90; 10

B) 75; 13

C) 50; 10

D) 25; 5

A

B) 75; 13

21
Q

____________ ankylosis is the most common type seen in the TMJ.

A) Fibrotic intraarticular

B) Bony intraarticular

C) Fibrotic extraarticular

D) Bony extraarticular

A

A) Fibrotic intraarticular

22
Q

About _____% of all TMJ ankylosis cases result from joint infection, usually after trauma.

a. 10
b. 30
c. 50
d. 70

A

c. 50

23
Q

Children are _____ prone to TMJ ankylosis than adults because of greater osteogenic potential and _____ development of the joint meniscus.

A) more; more

B) more; less

C) less; more

D) less; less

A

B) more; less

24
Q

Of the various surgical techniques used to treat TMDs, __________ involves surgical repositioning of the condyle.

A) arthrocentesis

B) arthroscopy

C) condylotomy

D) open joint surgery

A

C) condylotomy

25
Q

Synovial _____________ is the most common benign neoplasm of the synovium.

a. osteoblastoma
b. chondroblastoma
c. osteoma
d. chondromatosis

A

d. chondromatosis

26
Q

The three elevator muscles of mastication that when activated, close the mandible, include the masseter, the medial pterygoid, and the ___________.

A) lateral pterygoid

B) temporalis

C) anterior digastric

D) mylohyoid

A

B) temporalis

27
Q

Which term describes the inability to fully open the mouth?

a. Trismus
b. Articulation
c. Fusion
d. Crepitus

A

a. Trismus

28
Q

The TMJ is the articulation between the mandibular condyle and which other structure?

A) Zygomatic process

B) Sphenoid bone

C) Glenoid fossa of the temporal bone

D) Occipital bone

A

C) Glenoid fossa of the temporal bone

29
Q

Which muscle of mastication is most superior in its location?

A) Temporalis

B) Lateral pterygoid

C) Masseter

D) Medial pterygoid

A

A) Temporalis

30
Q

Which muscle of mastication is responsible for opening the mandible?

A) Temporalis

B) Medial pterygoid

C) Masseter

D) Lateral pterygoid

A

D) Lateral pterygoid

31
Q

What is the demographic group that typically presents with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)?

A) Children

B) Females, age 20–40

C) Males, age 40

D) Senior citizens

A

B) Females, age 20–40

32
Q

What is the most likely cause of TMD?

A) Stress

B) Trauma

C) Malocclusion

D) Third molar extractions

A

B) Trauma

33
Q

What is the most common systemic condition that may affect the TMJ?

a. Lupus
b. Gout
c. Arthritis
d. Scleroderma

A

c. Arthritis

34
Q

Three cardinal features for TMD include all except one. Which is the exception?

A) Restricted jaw function

B) Orofacial pain

C) Previous dental surgery

D) Joint noise

A

C) Previous dental surgery

35
Q

During a dental appointment, dental hygienists can help a patient with TMD by doing which procedure?

A) Set the patient up slowly after the appointment.

B) Maintain a shorter appointment time.

C) Schedule the patient the first time of the day.

D) Avoid loud background music in the office.

A

B) Maintain a shorter appointment time.

36
Q

From the choices below, which type of radiographic imaging would be least helpful in diagnosing TMJ disease?

A) MRI

B) CBCT

C) Panoramic imaging

D) Arthrography

A

C) Panoramic imaging

37
Q

Tumors arising in the TMJ area are common. The most common benign tumors that arise in the condyle include the osteochondroma.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

A

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

38
Q

Which term describes the condition where one or both of the condyles translate anterior to the articular eminence, resulting in an open lock that the patient cannot reduce?

a. Dislocation
b. Degenerative
c. Displacement
d. Odontogenic

A

a. Dislocation

39
Q

Approximately what percentage of persons with rheumatoid arthritis will have involvement of the TMJ?

A) <10%

B) 20–30%

C) 50–75%

D) Nearly 100%

A

C) 50–75%

40
Q

Which term describes a procedure induced inadvertently by a health care provider or by medical treatment or a diagnostic procedure?

a. Sign
b. Symptom
c. Iatrogenic
d. Auscultation

A

c. Iatrogenic

41
Q

What is the function of the synovial fluid inside the joint?

A) To provide nourishment and lubrication of avascular structures

B) To allow the bones to fit together properly

C) To absorb shock

D) To allow for correct palpation of the joint area

A

A) To provide nourishment and lubrication of avascular structures

Oral Pathology (14 decks)

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