Chapter 10

Question 1

How is ribose sugar different from deoxyribose sugar?

Answer 1

Ribose sugar has OH at the 2’ carbon, whereas deoxy has just H at 2’ carbon

Question 2

Purines

Answer 2

Adenine and Guanine

Question 3

Pyrimidines

Answer 3

Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine

Question 4

Which is larger? a Pyrimidine of a Purine?

Answer 4

Purine

Question 5

Nucleoside

Answer 5

Base + Sugar

Question 6

Nucleotide

Answer 6

Base + Sugar + Phosphate Grp

Question 7

Primary Structure

Answer 7

Sequence of nucleotides in 5’ to 3’ direction

Question 8

Chargaffs rule

Answer 8

A=T, C=G

Question 9

Difference between RNA and DNA

Answer 9

Rna has ribose sugar, uracil instead of thymine, and is single stranded

Question 10

How does a hairpin structure occur?

Answer 10

When a single strand of DNA has an inverted complement. A loop is formed for non-complement bases

Question 11

How does a stem occur?

Answer 11

A strand of DNA has complementary inverted bases with no non-complementary bases in between

Question 12

In what type of molecule are hairpins and stems most likely to occur?

Answer 12

RNA

Question 13

DNA methylation

Answer 13

Methyl groups added to DNA base

Question 14

Methylation to which base results in decreased transcription and epigenetic effects

Answer 14

Cytosine