Chapter 10

Question 1

When was nitrous oxide discovered?

Answer 1

1776

Question 2

A colorless gas with little or no odor

Answer 2

Nitrous oxide

Question 3

Of all of the inhalation anesthetics, ______ is the least soluble in blood.

Answer 3

nitrous oxide

Question 4

Why is nitrous oxide a good analgesic and anxiety reliever?

Answer 4

bc of its low potency

Question 5

TRUE OR FALSE: When administered properly, the patient remains conscious with protective reflexes intact.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

What will happen when nitrous oxide is coupled with analgesia?

Answer 6

anxiety relief

Question 7

What is always administered in conjunction with nitrous oxide?

Answer 7

oxygen

Question 8

How much starting oxygen should the p.t receive when given nitrous oxide?

Answer 8

100% for 2-3 minutes

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE: N2O is gradually increased in 5-10% increments until the patient response indicates initial sedation

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

advantages of nitrous oxide and oxygen:

Answer 10

-rapid onset of 5 min
-early administration, no injection required
-close control
-rapid recovery
-acceptability for children
relaxed dental team
-appointment seems shorter

Question 11

Is nitrous oxide a good behavioral management technique?

Answer 11

NAHHH (no)

Question 12

At the conclusion of the sedation procedure, the patient is placed on ____% oxygen for at least 5 min

Answer 12

100

Question 13

What is diffusion hypoxia?

Answer 13

This occurs if the patient is not provided 100% oxygen and breathes room air immediately after termination of nitrous oxide

Question 14

loss of carbon dioxide may result in what?

Answer 14

decreased ventilation

Question 15

Diffusion Hypoxia

Answer 15

• rapid outward flow of nitrous oxide accompanied by oxygen and carbon dioxide
• Pt would experience headache or other side effects

Question 16

A stimulant to respiratory drive

Answer 16

carbon dioxide

Question 17

Pregnancy category c

Answer 17

Diflusonal or some shit similar to that word idk

Question 18

Nitrous Oxide: Pharmacologic Effects

Answer 18

• Predictable and dose related
• CNS sedation, analgesia and amnesia
• Rapid onset of action
• Absorption from pulmonary aleveoli into circulatory system
• Low solubility in blood and tissues

Question 19

Nitrous Oxide: Adverse Reactions

Answer 19

• Complications have been the result of misuse or faulty installation of equipment
• Nausea and vomiting- eat light meal prior to the appointment and avoid eating a large meal within 3 hrs after appointment

Question 20

What color are nitrous oxide cylinders?

Answer 20

BLUE

Question 21

What color are oxygen cylinders?

Answer 21

GREEN

Question 22

Nitrous oxide concentration should be:

Answer 22

automatically limited and have fail safe system that shuts off automatically if the oxygen runs off

Question 23

Nitrous oxide: Contradictions and dental issue

Answer 23

• respiratory obstruction
• COPD
• emotional instability
• documentation/legal considerations
• Pregnancy considerations: SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS, AND DECREASED FERTILITY
• abuse

Question 24

Chronic use of nitrous oxide

Answer 24

• reduce activity of methionine synthetase- an enzyme involed with the function of vitamin B12
• megaloblastic anemia