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Pharmocology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmaco

A

Drug, medicine

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2
Q

Logy

A

Study of

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3
Q

Pharmacology

A

The study of drugs and their interactions with living cells and systems

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4
Q

What are the types of names for a drug?

A

Chemical name
Code name
Trade name
Generic name

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5
Q

Which name is always capitalized?

A

Trade name

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6
Q

Which name is not capitalized?

A

Generic name

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7
Q

What are requirements for drug substitution?

A

Chemically equivalent
Biologically equivalent
Therapeutically equivalent

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8
Q

Chemically equivalent

A

Two formulations of a drug meet the chemical and physical standards established by regulatory agencies

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9
Q

Biologically equivalent

A

Two formulations of a drug produce similar concentrations of the drug in blood and tissues

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10
Q

Therapeutically equivalent

A

Two formulations of a drug have an equal therapeutic effect

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11
Q

What are the Federal Regulations and Regulatory Agencies

A 
Harrison Narcotic Act
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)
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12
Q

Harrison Narcotic Act

A

Established regulations governing the use of opium, opiates, and cocaine; Marijuana added later.

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13
Q

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

A

Approval for drugs marketed in U.S.
Quality control in drug manufacturing plants
Determines which drugs can be sold prescribiton/OTC
Regulates advertising and labeling

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14
Q

What is the FDA part of

A

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

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15
Q

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

A

Regulates the trade practices of drug companies

Prohibits the false advertising of foods, OTC drugs, and cosmetics

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16
Q

Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

A

Administers the Controlled Substances Act

Regulates the manufacturing and distribution of substances that have a potention for abuse

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17
Q

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

A

Pharmacists must provide patient counseling and a prospective drug utilization

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18
Q

What is the DEA part of?

A

Department of Justice

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19
Q

Phase 1 of clinical studies

A

Small groups of people with increasing doses administered to healthy human volunteers
Determines biologic effects (metabolism, safe dose, toxic effects)

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20
Q

Phase 2 of clinical studies

A

Larger groups of humans

Adverse reactions are reported to FDA

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21
Q

Phase 3 of clinical studies

A

Drug given to larger amount of people who have the condition for which the drug is indicated
Safety and efficacy must be demonstrated
Dosage is determined

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22
Q

Phase 4 of clinical studies

A

Postmarketing surveiliance

Toxicity that occurs in patients taking the drug after it is released is recorded

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23
Q

This is required for prescribing drugs

A

DEA number

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24
Q

Schedule II-IV drugs

A

Must require a prescription

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25
Q

These type of schedule drugs must be typed or written in pen or indelible ink

A

Schedule II

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26
Q

Prescriptions cannot be telephoned to pharmacist

A

Schedule II

27
Q

Prescriptions require a new written prescription for refill

A

Scheule II

28
Q

Schedule III-IV drugs may not be..

A

Refilled more than five times in 6-month period

29
Q

What is the most abusive class of scheduled drugs

A

I

30
Q

What is the least abusive class of scheduled drugs

A

V

31
Q

Schedule I

A

Heroin, LSD, hallucinogens

32
Q

Schedule II

A

Oxycodone, morphine, amphetamine, secobarbital

33
Q

Schedule III

A

Codeine (Tylenol 3) and hydrocodone (Vicodin) mixtures

34
Q

Schedule IV

A

Dextropropoxyphene forms (Darvon), diazepam (Valium)

35
Q

Schedule V

A

Some codeine-containing cough syrups

36
Q

Purpose of Black Box warning

A

To draw attention to safety concerns associated with the drug

37
Q

Labeled uses

A

Indicates that the FDA has approved the drug for specific use

38
Q

Off-label use

A

Is use outside the stated FDA indications

39
Q

Orphan Drugs

A

Drugs developed to treat rare medical conditions

40
Q

What is involved in the prescription format

A 
Heading
Body 
RX
Closing
Subsitution
41
Q

Heading of a prescription

A

Prescribers name, address, telephone #
Patients name, address, age, telephone #
Date of prescription

42
Q

Body of a prescription

A

RX sympol
Drug name and dose size or concentration
Directions to patient - Sig:

43
Q

RX of a prescription

A

Drug name # mg table
Disp: # ___
Sig:

44
Q

Closing of a prescription

A

Prescribers signature
DEA number, if required
Refill instructions

45
Q

Substitution of a prescription

A

Permitted

Not permitted

46
Q

bid

A

Twice a day

47
Q

-

c

A

With

48
Q

cap

A

capsule

49
Q

d

A

day

50
Q

disp

A

dispense

51
Q

gm

A

gram

52
Q

h

A

hour

53
Q

hs

A

at bedtime

54
Q

-

p

A

after

55
Q

pc

A

after meals

56
Q

PO

A

by mouth

57
Q

prn

A

as required, if needed

58
Q

q

A

every

59
Q

qid

A

4 times a day

60
Q

-

s

A

without

61
Q

sig

A

write (label)

62
Q

tab

A

Tablet

63
Q

tid

A

3 times daily

Pharmocology (12 decks)

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