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principles of pressure > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

Chapter 10

1
Q

The driver operator must first made the pump operational and then prepare to use?

A

At least one of the three sources of water to supply the pumping operation (335)

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2
Q

When making a fire pump operational begins?

A

After the Apparatus is properly position and the parking brake has been set

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3
Q

how to prevent pump from over heating

A

circulator bypass or booster cooling valve to recirculate water back in the tank (337-38)

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4
Q

During drafting operations, the amount of friction loss is____to the amount of water moving through the hose or appliance

A

Proportional

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5
Q

pumping at a low residual pressure while being supplied by another apparatus is____ dangerous. This may cause the ____ to____,interrupting the supply of water. it may also lead to______of the pump

A

equally/hose /collapse,/cavitation

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6
Q

Transfer valve must be in parallel (volume)position when priming:(358)

A

Two-stage pumps

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7
Q

A pump in series (pressure) position may(358)

A

Trap air that will need to be removed

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8
Q

To create an effective fire stream during drafting operations,a lift of no greater than____ is recommended

A

20 feet for 60% capacity of the pump

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9
Q

As air is evacuated from the pump the compound gauge on the intake will register a vacuum reading

A

1 inch of mercury for 1 foot of lift required

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10
Q

Priming typically take 10 to 15 seconds but not to exceed

A

30 seconds (45 seconds in pump larger than 1250 GPM)

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11
Q

Vacuum is measured from the surface of the water

A

To the eye of the pump’s impeller

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12
Q

When opening the discharge (using a draft)if the pressure dropped below____pause a moment to allow it to stabilize before opening it further

A

50psi

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13
Q

Water temperature below 35°F or above 90°F may adversely impact The ability of the pump to reach (356)

A

Capacity

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14
Q

Driver engineer should maintain the residual pressure of at least ____ on their master gauge intake during pumping operation (340)

A

20 PSI

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15
Q

When using 2 1/2 or 3 inch to supply the pumper off the hydrant the lines should be(344)

A

Kept as short as possible to avoid excess friction loss

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16
Q

When pumping in relay the supplying pumper should supply

A

20 psi plus friction loss and engine pressure should not exceed 250 psi

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17
Q

If a circular tank is 12 feet in diameter 15 feet high is 3/4 full and water is being removed from the tank at a rate of 500 GPM, approximately how many minutes will it takes before the tank is empty

A

x

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18
Q

Class AA hydrant

A

Light blue at 1500 gallons per minute

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19
Q

Class A hydrant

A

Green at 1000 to 1499 gallons per minute

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20
Q

Class B hydrant

A

Orange at 500 to 999 gallons per minute

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21
Q

Class C hydrant

A

Red at less than 500 gallons per minute

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22
Q

The water supply from an onboard water tank is(336)

A

The sole source of supply for many incidents

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23
Q

The two basic pressurized water supply sources are a fire hydrant and(339)

A

Supply hose from another pumper.

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24
Q

In order to partially open the tank fill valve and not create the potential for pump cavitation, some driver open the valve the distance of their thump to the pump panel with their hand on the valve control.(338)

A

True.

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25
Q

As the discharge volume from the fire pump increases,(339)

A

the incoming pressure from the supply source may drop due to friction lost in the water system

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26
Q

If discharge flow volume is increased too much when operating from a pressurized water source(339)

A

Intake pressure from the supply source may be reduced to a point that may damage the pump

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27
Q

During pumping operations, driver/operators should maintain a residual pressure on the master intake gauge: (340)

A

Of at least 20psi

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28
Q

Hydrants served by large mains that are in the interconnected in a grid pattern receive their supply(340)

A

From several directions and usually have lesser amount of segmentation and deterioration

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29
Q

The least desirable hydrant are those located on(340)

A

“Dead end mains”that are served by smaller mains from only one direction.

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30
Q

Dead end mains hydrants generally have(340)

A

Higher amounts of sediments and deterioration,which further reduce their capacity

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31
Q

A pumper may need to be placed at the hydrant to make use of all available pressure

A

In a long lay with large flow demands

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32
Q

Which of the following is the purpose of a four-way hydrant valve in making a lay? (341)

A

Allows a second arriving pumper to be connected without
interrupting the flow of water to the original supply line

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33
Q

Which of the following consists of laying hose from the fire to the water source? (344)

A

Reverse lay

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34
Q

Which of the following would be used when the driver/operator first reports to an incident location in order to size up the scene before laying a supply line? (344)

A

Reverse lay

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35
Q

executing a reverse lay is a common method for setting up water supply operation relay pumping operation using ______as a supply line(344)

A

medium diameter hose

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36
Q

the reverse lay is the most direct method of supplementing____ ____ or performing_____ _____(344)

A

hydrant pressure/drafting operation

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37
Q

When a pumper is connected to hydrant and not discharging water, the pressure show on the intake gauge is

A

static pressure

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38
Q

the driver should close the tank to pump valve after transition to

A

an external water supply

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39
Q

When the pump is discharging water, the intake gauge display the

A

Residual pressure

40
Q

The difference between the static pressure and a residual pressure

A

Determine how much more water the hydrant can supply

41
Q

The amount of friction loss in the intake hose depends on

A

The diameter and length of the hose as well as the intake strainer and any adapters in use

42
Q

During drafting operations,the ability to overcome losses in pressure is

A

Limited to atmospheric pressure at sea level

43
Q

With the pump moving water, the vacuum reading on the master intake gauge will provide an indication of

A

The remaining capacity of the pump

44
Q

Most pumps are able to develop a vacuum capacity of approximately

A

22” of mercury

45
Q

During cavitation, the pressure drops below atmospheric and

A

The boiling point of water drops to the point that the water changes to a vapor and creates a void composed of water vapor,steam

46
Q

The temperature of the water, the height of the lift,and the amount of water to be discharged.

A

Affect the point at which cavitation begins

47
Q

What are some indication that pump is cavitating

A

1•The pressure gauge on the pump well fluctuate and hose streams may pulsate creating a distinctive sound as the water leaves the nozzle.

2• (severe case)noise from the pump sounding
gravel passing through the pump

3• (surest indication) lack of reaction on the
pressure gauge to increases in the throttle

48
Q

Water temperature will also affect drafting operations

A

True

49
Q

Water below _____ or___may adversely impact the ability of the pump to reach capacity

A

35°F or above 90°F

50
Q

All fire pumps meeting NFPA and underwriter’s Laboratories Inc. requirements are rated to pump

A

The capacity at 10’ of lift

51
Q

if the lift is less

A

the capacity of the pump is higher

52
Q

If the lift is greater

A

The capacity city decreases

53
Q

Pressure differential

A

x

54
Q

A pumper in good working order I can lift water and a maximum of

A

25’

55
Q

To create an effective fire stream

A

A lift of no greater than 20’ is recommended. With the pump operating at about 60% of it rated capacity

56
Q

When priming the pump and beginning drafting operations, a two- stage pump: (358)

A

must have the transfer valve in the parallel (volume) position.

57
Q

Most priming pumps are intended to work most effectively when the engine is set at

A

A rate between 1000-1200 rpm

58
Q

If an Apparatus features a vacuum-primer, the engine RPM should be kept

A

As low as possible without causing the engine to stall

59
Q

As the air is evaluated from the pump the master intake gauge will register

A

vacuum reading (should equal 1” of mercury for 1’ of lift required)

60
Q

Vacuum is measured from the surface of the water

A

To the eye of the pump’s impeller

61
Q

the most common cause of an inability to prime? (359)

A

An air leak that prevents primer from developing enough vacuum to successfully draft water

62
Q

The most common cause of an air leak is

A

Open drain or valve

63
Q

The entire priming action typically requires 10-15 seconds. However,when up to 20 feet of intake hose lifting a maximum of 10 vertical feet,

A

It may take as long as 30 seconds (45 seconds in pumps larger than 1250 gpm)

64
Q

After successfully priming the pump, the throttle setting should:

A

slowly be increased before attempting to open any discharges.

65
Q

Open the desire discharge valve slowly while observing the discharge pressure

A

True

66
Q

If the pressure drops below 50 psi

A

Pause for a brief time to allow it to stabilize before opening the valve further

67
Q

Opening the valve too quickly may cause

A

Air to enter the pump causing a loss of prime

68
Q

The driver/operator should not attempt to set the discharge pressure to the desire value

A

Until water is flowing and the gauge is stabilized

69
Q

Once the desired pressure has been established and the hoselines are in service

A

Set the relief valve or pressure governor

70
Q

The most common source of problem while operating at draft

A

Air leak on the intake side of the pump

71
Q

If the discharge pressure gauge begins to fluctuate with corresponding loss of vacuum on the intake gauge,

A

Air is most likely coming into the pump along with the water. (Couplings should be re-check for tightness)

72
Q

If there is not enough water above the drafting strainer

A

A Whirlpool may be allowing air to enter the pump.

73
Q

If the onboard tank is empty

A

The tank to pump line may be a source of leakage

74
Q

While the pump is operating, a gradual increase in the vacuum maybe noted with no change in the flow rates

A

This is an indication that a blockage is developing

75
Q

After a pump has been operating at high rate of discharge

A

A blockage often occurs

76
Q

The most common place for a blockage to occur is

A

In the strainer

77
Q

Blockage may also occur against the strainer located at the intake of the pump

A

In this case, the pumping in operations must be discontinued while the intake hose is removed to access and clear the strainer

78
Q

After the pump has been drained and the connections removed

A

Operate the positive displacement primer for several second until primer oil or fluid comes out of the discharge from the priming pump

79
Q

When shutting down the drafting operation, why should the positive displacement primer be operated for several seconds until primer oil or fluid comes out of discharge from the priming pump

A

Aids in lubrication of priming pump

80
Q

The automatic water supply for sprinkler system is designed to supply only

A

A fraction number of the total fire sprinklers at any given time

81
Q

fire department connection may consist of a Siamese with at least

A

Two 2 1/2 inch female connections connected to a clapper Inlet, or one larger diameter sexless connection

82
Q

Wet standpipe system that contain water on the pressure

A

May be used as soon as the hose line is stretched and the valve opened

83
Q

Generally friction loss in the standpipe is small unless the flow is very large

A

True

84
Q

Do not use pump discharge pressure in excess of 185 psi

A

Unless the standpipe system, hoses,and appliances has been designed to function under high-pressure

85
Q

For each floor above the fire department connections that will have operating fire streams

A

Add approximately 5 psi

86
Q

When a standpipe system is known to be equipped with pressure reducing valve

A

The elevation pressure used must be based on the total height of the standpipe or zone being used

87
Q

When a dry standpipe system is charged, water will be discharged: (365)

A

at all points where caps are off and valve is open

88
Q

the most likely scenario if a supply line that was charged suddenly loses water

A

The supply line has burst

89
Q

The most likely scenario if a supply line loses water but the supply line is intact

A

The hydrant or water main has failed

90
Q

All pumps meeting NFPA and Underwriters Laboratories Inc. requirements are rated to pump their capacity at

A

10 feet of lift

91
Q

If the lift is _____, the _____, of the pump is highter; if the lift is _____, the capacity _____.

A

less, capacity, greater, decreases

92
Q

Pumper in good working order can lift water a maximum of _____. However,all available atmospheric pressure is required to overcome this lift. Making the remaining ______of the pump of little value for fire suppression

A

25 feet,capacity

93
Q

To create an effective fire stream during drafting operations,a lift of no greater than____ is recommended

A

20 feet for 60% capacity of the pump

94
Q

As air is evacuated from the pump the compound gauge on the intake will register a vacuum reading

A

1 inch of mercury for 1 foot of lift required

95
Q

The ability to overcome losses in pressure is limited to atmospheric pressure at _____. This pressure decreases approximately _____ or 1 inch of Hg for each _____ of alitude gain.

A

sea level (14,7 psi) 0.5 psi, 1,000 feet

principles of pressure (17 decks)

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