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psych of adj. > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

challenges to traditional marriage

A
  1. increases acceptance to single hood
  2. increased acceptance to cohabitation
  3. reduced premium on permanence
  4. transition in gender roles
  5. increased voluntary childlessness
  6. decline in the traditional nuclear family
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2
Q

traditional marriage

A

man and women

  • women stays home with kids while man works
  • shared finances
  • common residence
  • shared responsibility for children
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3
Q

monogamy

A

married to one spouse

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4
Q

polygamy

A

several spouses

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5
Q

endogamy

  • definition
  • ex
A

we tend to marry with in our own social group

-hometown

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6
Q

homogamy

A

marrying people that we are similar to

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7
Q

stimulus-value-role: stimulus

  • definition
  • ex
A
  • non-interactional

- physical attractiveness is assessed

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8
Q

stimulus-value-role: value

  • definition
  • ex
A
  • start comparing values; getting acquainted

- religion, values and beliefs; goals and intelligence

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9
Q

stimulus-value-role: role

  • definition
  • ex
A

how do they work together

-division of mutually assigned roles

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10
Q

intergenerational “divorce cycle”

A

individual who have divorced parents tend to believe that divorce is likely to happen

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11
Q

predictors of marital success

A
  1. age
  2. length of courtship
  3. personality traits
  4. quality of premarital communication
  5. stress
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12
Q

when is there a tendency to shift towards traditional marriage
-which jobs are a priority?

A

when its not an active conversation about who does what

-males

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13
Q

dual career couples challenges

A
  1. both have work and career troubles

2. disruption in bond with children (after age 1 = no impact)

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14
Q

dual career couples advantages

A
  1. facing challenges can enhance marriage
  2. lower rates of poverty
  3. decrease hyperactivity
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15
Q

vulnerable areas in marriage

A
  1. role expectation
  2. work and family balance
  3. financial difficulties
  4. inadequate communication
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16
Q

financial difficulties

A

cause hostility in husbands

17
Q

inadequate communication

-study

A

four horsemen of the “apocolypse” (plus one)

18
Q

four horsemen of the apocolypse

A
  1. criticism
  2. contempt
  3. defensiveness
  4. stonewalling
  5. belligerence
19
Q

criticism

  • definition
  • antidote
A
  • negative evaluation on partner; attack ind.

- using “I” statements to express feelings then say something positive

20
Q

contempt

  • definition
  • antidote
A
  • communicating insulting feelings and suggesting superiority
  • acknowledging positive aspects in relationships
21
Q

defensiveness

  • definition
  • antidote
A
  • blaming partner and playing the victim

- take responsibility

22
Q

stonewalling

  • definition
  • antidote
A
  • withdraw communication

- break for at least 20 mins then return to conversation

23
Q

belligerence

  • definition
  • antidote
A
  • being provocative or combative; pushes partners limits

- avoid being combative; emphasize positives

24
Q

divorce

  • percent
  • most occur during
A
  • 43-46%

- 1st 10 years

25
Q

contributing social trends to divorce as an option

A
  1. social stigma
  2. smaller family sizes
  3. entry of women in work place
  4. individual should be happy; ind. fulfillment
  5. divorce is easier now
26
Q

men: post divorce

A

health and mortality rates are high

27
Q

divorce: effects on children

A

depends on age, parents conflict, etc.

-very complex

28
Q

step families progress through stages

A
  1. fantasy
  2. immersion
  3. awareness
  4. mobilization
  5. action
  6. contact
  7. resolution
29
Q

cohabitation

  • many see as
  • associated with
A
  • trial marriage

- discord, not success

30
Q

partner abuse

-includes these forms of battery

A
  1. physical abuse (kicking, choking)
  2. emotional abuse (humiliation, control, withholding money)
  3. sexual abuse
31
Q

partner abuse

-risk factors

A

substance abuse, unemployment, ind. who are angered easily, stress, jealousy

32
Q

partner abuse

-why do people stay?

A
  1. lack of financial independence
  2. fear of becoming homeless
  3. shame, guilt
  4. fear that leaving will escalate attacks
33
Q

date rape

-contributing factors

A
  1. alc and drugs
  2. encourage sexual activity for men
  3. miscommunication about consent
34
Q

date rape

-characteristics of perpetrators

A
  1. attitudes of male dominance

2. low opinion of women

psych of adj. (10 decks)

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