Chapter 10 Flashcards
challenges to traditional marriage
- increases acceptance to single hood
- increased acceptance to cohabitation
- reduced premium on permanence
- transition in gender roles
- increased voluntary childlessness
- decline in the traditional nuclear family
traditional marriage
man and women
- women stays home with kids while man works
- shared finances
- common residence
- shared responsibility for children
monogamy
married to one spouse
polygamy
several spouses
endogamy
- definition
- ex
we tend to marry with in our own social group
-hometown
homogamy
marrying people that we are similar to
stimulus-value-role: stimulus
- definition
- ex
- non-interactional
- physical attractiveness is assessed
stimulus-value-role: value
- definition
- ex
- start comparing values; getting acquainted
- religion, values and beliefs; goals and intelligence
stimulus-value-role: role
- definition
- ex
how do they work together
-division of mutually assigned roles
intergenerational “divorce cycle”
individual who have divorced parents tend to believe that divorce is likely to happen
predictors of marital success
- age
- length of courtship
- personality traits
- quality of premarital communication
- stress
when is there a tendency to shift towards traditional marriage
-which jobs are a priority?
when its not an active conversation about who does what
-males
dual career couples challenges
- both have work and career troubles
2. disruption in bond with children (after age 1 = no impact)
dual career couples advantages
- facing challenges can enhance marriage
- lower rates of poverty
- decrease hyperactivity
vulnerable areas in marriage
- role expectation
- work and family balance
- financial difficulties
- inadequate communication
financial difficulties
cause hostility in husbands
inadequate communication
-study
four horsemen of the “apocolypse” (plus one)
four horsemen of the apocolypse
- criticism
- contempt
- defensiveness
- stonewalling
- belligerence
criticism
- definition
- antidote
- negative evaluation on partner; attack ind.
- using “I” statements to express feelings then say something positive
contempt
- definition
- antidote
- communicating insulting feelings and suggesting superiority
- acknowledging positive aspects in relationships
defensiveness
- definition
- antidote
- blaming partner and playing the victim
- take responsibility
stonewalling
- definition
- antidote
- withdraw communication
- break for at least 20 mins then return to conversation
belligerence
- definition
- antidote
- being provocative or combative; pushes partners limits
- avoid being combative; emphasize positives
divorce
- percent
- most occur during
- 43-46%
- 1st 10 years
contributing social trends to divorce as an option
- social stigma
- smaller family sizes
- entry of women in work place
- individual should be happy; ind. fulfillment
- divorce is easier now
men: post divorce
health and mortality rates are high
divorce: effects on children
depends on age, parents conflict, etc.
-very complex
step families progress through stages
- fantasy
- immersion
- awareness
- mobilization
- action
- contact
- resolution
cohabitation
- many see as
- associated with
- trial marriage
- discord, not success
partner abuse
-includes these forms of battery
- physical abuse (kicking, choking)
- emotional abuse (humiliation, control, withholding money)
- sexual abuse
partner abuse
-risk factors
substance abuse, unemployment, ind. who are angered easily, stress, jealousy
partner abuse
-why do people stay?
- lack of financial independence
- fear of becoming homeless
- shame, guilt
- fear that leaving will escalate attacks
date rape
-contributing factors
- alc and drugs
- encourage sexual activity for men
- miscommunication about consent
date rape
-characteristics of perpetrators
- attitudes of male dominance
2. low opinion of women
