Chapter 10 Flashcards
What are two of the earliest published works in the area of Organisational psychology?
Scott’s (1908) analysis of advertising
Munsterberg’s (1913) general text for industry
The organisational psychology division of the Australian Psychological Society formed in which year? When did it become the College of Organisational Psychology?
1971; 1993
Name some of the major areas of focus for organisational psychology
- work motivation
- designing and redesigning jobs
- recruitment and selection of new personnel
- training and development of workers
- managing individual and group performance
- facilitating organisational change processes
What are the two main areas of application for I/O psychologists?
Performance appraisal
Prediction of performance
The most valid assessment of job performance of workers has always rested on what?
The application of psychological assessment principles
Number of items produced, number of defects and dollar value of sales, are which type of indicator?
Quantitative production counts
Number of defects/errors, number of products returned, and number of customer complaints, are which type of indicator?
Qualitative production measures
Absenteeism, turnover, length of downtime and rate of promotion are which type of indicator?
Personnel information
Scores on training exams, scores on performance tests conducted during training, and trainer ratings are which type of indicator?
Training proficiency
Supervisor ratings of performance on the job or of samples, peer ratings, subordinate ratings, and customer ratings are which type of indicator?
Judgemental data
Productivity counts indicate nothing about _____
The quality of the production
What is the main problem with personnel data?
The events recorded are usually relatively rare
The most common form of job performance measure has become what?
Supervisor ratings (rating scales)
One problem with simple, objective productivity counts is what?
That rate of production is often outside a worker’s control
The graphic rating scale is a good way to capture which type of information?
Judgemental information
One of the most successful means for establishing scale anchors are what?
Behaviourally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)
Define BARS
Rating scales with explicit behavioural statements located along them. They also allow standardisation
What is the main drawback of BARS?
Raters can sometimes become overly focused on the specific wording used
What is the main by-product of BARS?
The involvement of people from within the organisation
Define BOS
This contains stems that are composed of the kinds of behaviours that form the anchors of BARS, and the scale is based on the frequency with which the rater had observed the behaviour in question
What are the two broad components of job performance that have thus far been identified?
Task performance (core technical aspects of the job) Contextual performance (behaviours directed more at successful continued performance of the work group or organisation, ‘good citizen’)
Some people will be appointed whose performance ultimately does not measure up. Such cases are known as?
False positives or mishires
What does KSAOs stand for?
Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, and Other characteristics
The process of meta-analysing validity coefficients is called?
Validity generalisation (VG)
