chapter 10

Question 1

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Answer 1

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is one of
the most widely used serological tests.

Direct
ELISAs detect protein antigens

indirect ELISAs detect specific antibodies in
patient samples

Question 2

ELISA direct and indirect

Answer 2

a technique used to detect infections

direct: looking for the antigen
indirect: looking for the antibody

Question 3

agglutination

Answer 3

Agglutination reactions usually form
visible aggregates or clumps, called agglutinates, that can
be seen with the unaided eye.

Question 4

airborne viruses (yes no is there a vaccine)

Answer 4

yes* Chickenpox (varicella)
yes* Shingles (herpes zostra)
yes* Influenza (flu)
yes* Measles (rubeola)
yes* Mumps
no* Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
yes* COVID-19
no* Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
no* Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
yes* Rubella (German Measles)
yes* Smallpox (variola)

Question 5

Arthropod virus vector (yes or no is there a vaccine)

Answer 5

no* Chikungunya
yes* Dengue
yes* Equine encephalitis (horses)
no* Equine encephalitis (humans)
no* West Nile fever
no* Zika virus disease

Question 6

Direct Contact Diseases can be Caused by Viruses

Answer 6

• AIDS
• Cold sores
• Common cold
• Cytomegalovirus inclusion disease
• Genital herpes
• Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection
• Human parvovirus B19 infection
• Mononucleosis
• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Hepatitis D
• Warts and cancers due to particular strains of human papillomaviruses