Chapter 10

Question 1

Chloroplasts are found mainly in the cells of the ______

Answer 1

Meseophyll, the tissue in the interior of the leaf

Question 2

Stomata

Answer 2

Microscopic pores that regulate gas exchange
-CO2 in
-O2 out

Question 3

Chlorophyll resides in…

Answer 3

The thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast.

Question 4

The direct product of photosynthesis is actually…

Answer 4

A three carbon sugar that can be used to make glucose.

Question 5

The O2 given off by plants is derived from H2O and not from CO2.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

The light reactions are the steps of photosynthesis that convert solar energy to chemical energy.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

NADP+

Answer 7

Electron acceptor (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)

Question 8

Photophosphorylation

Answer 8

Using chemiosmosis to power the addition of a phosphate group to ADP

Question 9

Carbon fixation

Answer 9

The initial incorporation of carbon into organic compounds.

Question 10

Sites of light reactions

Answer 10

Thylakoids of the chloroplast

Question 11

Site of Calvin cycle

Answer 11

Stroma

Question 12

Wavelength

Answer 12

The distance between the crests of electromagnetic waves

Question 13

Electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 13

The entire range of radiation

Question 14

Visible light

Answer 14

Segment in electromagnetic spectrum from about 380 nm to 750 nm in wavelength

Question 15

Pigments

Answer 15

Substances that absorb visible light

Question 16

Spectrophotometer

Answer 16

Instrument used to measure the ability of a pigment to absorb various wavelengths of light

Question 17

Absorption spectrum

Answer 17

Graph plotting a pigment’s light absorption vs wavelength

Question 18

Chlorophyll a

Answer 18

The key light capturing pigment that participates directly in the light reactions

Question 19

Chlorophyll b and carotenoids

Answer 19

Accessory pigments

Question 20

Carotenoids’ important function

Answer 20

Photoprotection: Dissipate excessive light energy that would otherwise damage the chlorophyll.

Question 21

As excited electrons fall back to the ground state, photons are given off, an afterglow called fluorescence.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

A photosystem is composed of…

Answer 22

A reaction-center complex surrounded by several light-harvesting complexes

Question 23

Reaction-center complex

Answer 23

Is an organized association of proteins holding a special pair of chlorophyll a molecules.

Question 24

Each light-harvesting complex consists of…

Answer 24

Various pigment molecules bound to proteins.

Question 25

The reaction-center complex also contains a molecule capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced; called the primary electron acceptor.

Question 26

Linear electron flow occurs during the light reactions of photosynthesis.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The cyclic electron flow uses

Answer 27

Photosystem 1 but not photosystem 2
-Is photoprotective

Question 28

Chloroplast and mitochondria generate ATP by the same basic mechanism:

Answer 28

Chemiosmosis

Question 29

The Calvin cycle is anabolic.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Carbohydrate produced directly from the Calvin Cycle

Answer 30

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)

Question 31

Five-carbon sugar to which CO2 attaches to in the carbon fixation phase of the Calving cycle.

Answer 31

Ribulose biphosphate (RuBP)

Question 32

The enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the Calvin Cycle

Answer 32

Ribulose biphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase
(rubisco)
The most abundant protein in chloroplasts and on Earth.

Question 33

For the net synthesis of one G3P molecule, the Calvin cycle consumes a total of _________ and ___________

Answer 33

Nine molecules of ATP
Six molecules of NADPH

Question 34

C3 plants

Answer 34

Their first organic product of carbon fixation is a three carbon compound, 3-phosphoglycerate

Question 35

Photorespiration consumes _______ while producing _______

Answer 35

O2, CO2

Question 36

Photorespiration drains away as much bad 50% of the carbon fixed by the Calvin cycle.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

C4 plants

Answer 37

Plants that form a four-carbon compound as its first product.
(Sugarcane and corn)

Question 38

Bundle-sheath cells

Answer 38

Photosynthetic cells in C4 plants that are arranged into tightly packed sheaths around the veins of the leaf.

Question 39

Enzyme present only in mesophyll cells

Answer 39

PEP carboxylase

Question 40

CAM plants

Answer 40

Open their stomata during the night and close them during the day.
-To conserve water.
(Desert plants)

Question 41

CAM stands for the mode of carbon fixation called

Answer 41

Crassulacean acid metabolism