Chapter 10-11 Flashcards
The Era of Good Feelings began to split into what would become two parties. What caused this split in the Democrat-Republican party?
pressures generated by industrialization in New England, the spread of cotton cultivation in the South, and westward expansion.
In general, those Republicans who retained Jefferson’s suspicion of a strong federal government and preference for states’ rights became Democrats.
Republicans who believed that the national government should actively encourage economic development became Whigs.
Why was the election of 1824 so controversial? “corrupt bargain”
Wanted alliance between West and NE: Clay support to Adams. Adams appointed Clay as secretary of state.. “corrupt bargain” had cheated Jackson of the presidency. Cloud over Adam’s presidency.
Henry Clay and the American System
protective tariffs and federally supported internal improvements would endear him to manufacturing interests in the East as well as to the West.
Election of 1824 and Andrew Jackson
because bargains but not really yet kind of. All democratic-republicans. Jackson won most popular votes but not in Congress.
Describe the presidency of John Quincy Adams. How did his actions guarantee that he would only be a one term president?
Adams = miscalculations. Program for federal aid fo internal improvements. Jeffersonians opposed as unconstitutional, joined by pragmatists like Martin Van Buren.
Proposed sending American delegates to conference of newly independent Latin American nations, infuriated southerners because imply US recognition of Haiti, black republic created by slave revolutionaries.
Instead of seeking new bases of support, Adams clung to the increasingly obsolete notion of the president as custodian of the public good, aloof from partisan politics. He alienated his supporters by appointing his opponents to high office. Idealistic as his view was, it guaranteed him a single-term presidency.
Martin Van Buren
New York’s senator. Opposed federal aid because enable other states to build river canals. Tavernkeeper’s son. Loved politics.
Explain the role that Martin Van Buren played in the creation of the new Democratic Party in 1828.
Realized that parties would clash. A clear popular winner would emerge if two parties. Jackson = lead new party. New Democratic party.
Election of 1828
Vicious. Mudslining! Jackson = drunken gambler, adulterer, murderer. Adams = silk underwear, rich, debt, favor w/ tsar of Russia provide him with American prostitute. Made Jackson more common man.
What did the Republicans accuse Andrew Jackson of being in the election of 1828? How did these accusations actually end up helping Jackson?
Jackson = drunken gambler, adulterer, murderer.Viewed as comman man incarnate, unclouded by learning, morals simple/true, fierce and resolute vs Adams. Uncorrupt, natural, plain.
Tariff of 1828
High protective tariff favroable to western agriculture and new England manufacturing. “Tariff of Abomination” (tariff = tax or duty on imports/exports)
What was the rotation in office “spoils system” and why was it so controversial? Does this still occur today?
“rotation in office” - removal of officeholders of the rival party. Applied more harshly. >duties of most officeholders were so simple that as many plain people as possible should be given a chance to work for the government.
Opened to partisan appointments. Appoint loyal friends, but fed jobs - rewards for loytalty to the victorious party. Seemed arbitrary = refused to offer any reasons.
Describe the nullification crisis that occurred during Jackson’s first term in office.
Tariff of 1828 = rift pres vs vpres. Economic decline > high tariffs > price of manufactured goods, reduce sale of textile products > lower demand for southern cotton/cut cotton prices. Right to nullify law within their borders.
Fear that laws over tariff would also slavery.
