chapter 10,11,12 Flashcards
aphthous ulcer, uveitis,genital ulcer
Behcet syndrome
small vessel vasculitis
parotitis
orchitis
pancreatitis
aseptic meningitis
MUMPS
sr amylase is elevated
esophageal web
severe iron dean anemia
beefy red tongue
atrophic glossitis
Plummer Vinson syndrome
dysphagia
high LES pressure
Bird beak appearance
Achalasia
idiopathic or Trypanosoma Cruz[Chagas disease]
heart burn
asthma[adult onset] or cough
damage to enamel
GERD
signet ring cell
linitis plastica
Diffuse type gastric Ca
ass with Krukenberg tumor
Ass with Downs syndrome
Duodenal atresia[doubke bubble sign]
Hirshprung disease
most common cong anomaly of GIT
Meckel diverticulum
Rule of 2
IgA antibody against gliadin or Tissue Transglutaminase
celiac disease duodenal biopsy flattening of villi Hyperplasia of crypts intraepithelial lymphocytes
Fat malabsorption
steatorrhea
with arthritis
cardiac valves,CNS,Lymph node involvement
Whipple disease
Systemic tissue damage with macrophages loaded with Tropheryma Whippelli
PAS positive
chromogranin positive
submucosal polyp like low grade malignancy
Carcinoid tumor
Left lower quadrant pain
bloddy diarhoea
young adult women
ulcerative colitis
Mucosal and submucosal ulcer rectum to cecum, continous crypt abcess with neutrophils pseudopolyps Lead pipe sign
complication
toxic megacolon
young women with right lower quadrant pain
bloddy diarrhoea
renal stone[calcium oxalate]
cholesterol gall stone
Crohn disease
fissures mouth to anus,skip lesion lymphoid aggregates with granuloma cobblestone mucosa String sign
complication
fistula formation
malabsorption
extra intestinal for inflammatory bowel disease
arthritis(migratory polyarthritis,ankylosing spondylitis,sacroilitis)
uveitis
erythema nodosum
pyoderma gangrenosum
primary sclerosis cholangitis[p ANCA positive]
adenoma carcinoma sequence
APC
P 53
KRAS mutation
Gardner syndrome
FAP with
retroperitoneal desmoid and osteoma
Turcot syndrome
FAP with
medulloblastoma and glial tumors
Polyps in GIT
with
mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation [freckle like spots] in lips,oral mucosa, genital skin
Peutz Jaghers syndrome
ass with colorectal ,breast ,gyneac carcinoma
Old age with iron def anemia
colorectal ca
right sided raised lesion
colorectal ca
ass with strep.bovis endocarditis
HNPCC
No polyp
colorectal ca[right colon]
with ovarian and endometrial ca
causes of acute pancreatitius
alcohol gall stone hypercalcemia drugs mumps post duodenal ulcer rupture
chain of lake pattern
chronic pancreatitis
causes
adult - alcohol
children -cystic fibrosis
epigastric pain with
obstructive jaundice
sec diabetes
pancreatitis
pancreatic ca
CA 19-9
whipples procedure
Trousseau sign - Migratory thrombophlebitis
risk factor for cholesterol stone
age 40
estrogen
clofibrate
crohn disease
risk factor for bilirubin stone
extravascular hemolysis infection Ecoli ascaris clonorchis sinensis
impacted stone in cystic duct
acute cholecystitis
with pain radiating to scapula
fever
vomiting
Increased WBC
chronic cholecystitis
rokitansky Aschoff sinus
porcelin gallbladder[risk of gall bladder ca]
Jaundice with unconjugated bilirubin
extravascular hemolysis[biilirubin gallstone]
physiologic jaundice[kernicterus]
Gilbert disease[decreased UDP glucoronyl]
crigler nagger syndrome[absent UDP] fatal
Jaundice with conjugated bilirubin
Dubin johnson syndrome[dark liver]
rotor syndrome[no dark liver]
causes of obstructive jaundice
dark urine pale stool
pruritic[inc bile acids]
hypercholesterolemia
xanthomas
gallstone
pancraetic ca
cholongia ca
clonorchis sinensis
both UCB and CB
viral hepatitis
hepatitis
with IgM HbcAb
window period
hepatitis
with IgG HbcAb and IgG HbsAb
resolved
hepatitis
with IgG HbsAb
immunization
hepatitis
with HbsAg
HBeag and HBV DNA
with IgM HbcAb
acute
hepatitis
with HbsAg
HBeag and HBV DNA
with IgG HbcAb
chronic
cirrhosis with decreased detoxification
increased ammonia
mental status changes, coma
increased estrogen
gynecomastia
spider angiomata,
palmar erythema
cirrhosis
sec diabetes mellitus
bronze skin
with dilated cardiomyopathy
arrhythmia
gonadal dysfunction
hemochromatosis
cirrhosis
neurological [dementia,chorea,parkinsonian symptom]-copper deposits in basal ganglia
kayser fleisher ring in cornea
wilson disease
onion skin appearance
beaded app
primary sclerosis cholangitis
P ANCA positive
fibrosis of intra and extra hepatic billiard tract
fulminant hepatitis with encephalopathy
in children
reyes syndrome
viral illness treated with aspirin
liver metastasis
garlic ca
colon ca
pancreas ca
lung and breast ca
renal genesis with oligohydromnias flat facies limb defect lung hypoplasia
potters sequence
unilateral cyst
not inherited
Dysplastic kidney
bilateral cyst
infants
with hypertension and worsening renal failure
AR form Polycystic kidney disease
ass with hepatic cysts and hepatic fibrosis
adult onset bilateral cyst hypertension hematuria renal failure
AD form PKD
ass with Berry aneurysm,hepatic cysts, mitral valve prolapse
BUN: cr ratio >15
Fractional Excreation of sodium[FENa] <1%
urine osmolarity >500
prerenal early post renal
BUN: cr ratio < 15
Fractional Excreation of sodium[FENa] >2%
urine osmolarity <500
late post renal
acute tubular necrosis[Brown granular casts]
causes of ATN
-ischemia
-nephrotoxic
aminoglycosides
lead
myoglobinuria
ethylene glycol[oxalates crystals in urine]
dye
urate[tumor lysis syndrime]
recent drug
fever with rash
oliguria
eosinophil in urine
acute interstitial nephritis
Drug induced hypersensitivity
NSAIDS,penicillin,diueritics
gross hématuria with flank pain
renal papillary necrosis
chronic analgesic use - Apririn
Diabetes
sickle cell anemia
severe acute pyelonephritis
Fatty casts
nephrotic syndrome
RBC casts
nephritic syndrome
granular cast
Acute tubular necrosis
WBC casts
pyelonephritis
nephrotic in children
only albumin no immunoglobulin
Minimal change disease
effacement of foot process
loss of negative charge
ass with Hodgkin lymphoma
nephrotic in adults
membranous nephropathy
subepithelial deposits
spike and dome appearance
ass with Hepatitis b and c
Solid tumor,SLE,drugs- NSAID,penicillamine
phospholipase a2 receptor antibody in kidney
membranous nephropathy
Tram track appearance
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
type 1 -subendothlial deposits ass with hep b and hep c
type 2 dense deposit ass with C3 nephritic factor
low C3
sclerosis of mesangium
diabetes mellitus
amyloid deposits in mesangium
systemic amyloidosis
hematuria
hypertension
oliguria
periorbital edema
Nephritic
in children 2 to 3 weeks foll infection[impetifo/pharyngitis]
cola colored urine
post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
subepithelial humps
linear deposits in Immuno fluorescnce
anti basement membrane antibody
good pasture syndrome
hematuria and hemoptysis
granular deposits in Immuno fluorescnce
immune deposition
PSGN
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis[DPGN] - SLE sub endothelial deposits
Negative deposits in IF
Pauci immune
wegener CANCA
Microscopic polyangitis PANCA
chrug strauss syndrome PANCA with eosonophilia and asthma
in children
following gastroenteritis
gross or microscopic hematuria
progrès to renal failure
IgA nephropathy
mc nephropathy worldwide
IgA immune deposition in mesangium
isolated hematuria
with
sensory hearing loss
visual disturbance
Alports syndrome
type 4 collagen defect
thinning and splitting of BM
dysuria,urgency,frequncy,pain
urine analysis wbc >10
>100,000 colony forming unit
Cystitis
Ecoli
staph saprophytic
klebseilla pneumonia
proteus mirabilis[alkaline urine]
flank pain
fever
WBC cast
acute pyelonephritis
upper and lower pole scarring
vesiculoureteric reflux causing chronic pyelonephritis
thyroidization of kidney
chronic pyelonephritis
infection
alkaline urine
ammonium magnesium phosphate
stag horn calculi
acidic urine
uric acid crystals
gout/leukemia
stone in children
cystine stone
in cystinuria
may form stag horn
hypertension
hyperkalemia,met acidosis
hypocalcemia
osteoporosis
chronic renal failure
ass with uremia - nausea, anorexia,pericarditis,encephalopathy with asterisks,deposition of urate crystals in skin
angiomyolipoma in kidney
cardiac rhabdomyoma
Tuberous sclerosis
Hematuria
Flank pain
Flank mass
Renal cell Ca
Hematuria with colicky pain
renal stone
Painless hematuria
urothelial Ca[bladder ca]
Hematuria
unilateral large flank mass
hypertension
Wilms tumor
renal cell ca
pheochromocytoma
hemagioblastoma of cerebellum
Von hippel Lindau disease
3p
WAGR syndrome
Wilms tumor
Aniridia
Genital abnormality
motor and mental Retardation
WT1 gene deletion
Denys Drash syndrome
Wilms tumor
progressive glomerular disease
Male psudohermaphroditism
WT1 gene mutation
Beckwith wiedemann syndrome
Wilms tumor
neonatal hypoglycemia
muscular hemihypertrophy
organomegaly[tongue enlargement]
WT2 gene mutation
HLA DQ 2 and DQ8
Celiac disease
Friedrich ataxia associated heart disease
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hemochromatosis ass heart disease
dilated cardiomyopathy,arrythmia
Amyloidosis ass heart disease
Restrictive cardiomyopathy,Arrythmias
