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Pathology > Chap 13 to 19 > Flashcards

Chap 13 to 19 Flashcards

1
Q

Psommoma bodies

A

Classic - papillary carcinoma of thyroid

Other - endometrial ca (uterus) sporadic ( serous/ papillary type)
Meningioma( CNS)

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2
Q

Signet ring cell

A

Classic - gastric carcinoma( linitis plastica)

Other - invasive lobular ca of breast

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3
Q

Peripheral palisading

A

Basal cell carcinoma of skin

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4
Q

Pseudopalisading

A

Glioblastoma multiforme

Necrosis surrounded by tumor cell
Adults
Malignant
GFAP positive

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5
Q

Homer wright rosettes

A

Medulloblastoma
W - M

Children
Malignant
Drop metastasis to cauda equina

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6
Q

Perivascular pseudo rosettes

A

Ependymoma

Children
4th ventricle
Hydrocephalus

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7
Q

Rosenthal fibers

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma
Eosinophilic process of astrocytes

Children
Benign
Cerebellum
Cystic lesion with mural nodule

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8
Q

Reinke crystals

A

Leydig cell tumor of testis

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9
Q

Call exner bodies

A

Granulosa cell tumor

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10
Q

Schiller duval bodies

A

Emryonal cell carcinoma of yolk sac tumor

Sr.AFP elevated

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11
Q

Meigs syndrome

A

Fibroma
Sex cord stromal tumor

Pleural effusion
Ascitis

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12
Q

Gleason grading

A

Prostatic ca

Based on architecture

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13
Q

Periareolar mass with green brown discharge

A

Mammary duct ectasia

Post menopausal

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14
Q

Subareolar mass with nipple retraction

A

Periductal mastitis

Ass with smoking ,vit a deficiency

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15
Q

Mammographic calcification

A

Fat necrosis
Sclerosing adenosis In Fibrocystic disease
DCIS

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16
Q

BRCA 1

A

Breast- invasive ductal( medullary type)

Ovary - serous cysadeno ca

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17
Q

Single file pattern

A

Invasive lobular ca

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18
Q

BRCA 2

A

Male breast ca

Subareolar mass with nipple discharge

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19
Q

Desmopressin

A

Rx for central diabetes insipidus

Increases urine osmolarity

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20
Q

Drug causing nephrogenic DI

A

Lithium

Demeclocycline

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21
Q

Drug causing SIADH

A

Cyclophosphamide

Rx
Free water restriction
Demeclocycline

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22
Q

Hyperthyroidism ass with

A

Hypocholesteremia
Hyperglycemia
Hypercalcemia

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23
Q

Irregular follicle with scalloped colloid

A

Graves’ disease

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24
Q

Hurtle cell

A

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Eosinophilic metaplasia of cells line follicle
Lymphocytic infiltration

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25
Q

Orphan Annie eye
Nuclear grooves
Psommoma bodies

A

Papillary ca of thyroid

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26
Q

Amyloid deposition in thyroid

A

Medullary ca

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27
Q

MEN 1

A

Pituitary adenoma
Parathyroid
Pancreatic adenoma

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28
Q

MEN 2A

A

Parathyroid adenoma
Medullary ca of thyroid
Pheochromocytoma

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29
Q

MEN 2B

A

Medullary ca of thyroid
Pheochromocytoma
Ganglioneuroma of oral mucosa

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30
Q

Osteitis fibrosa cystica

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Nephrocalcinosis
Nephrolithiasis
CNS disturbances
Poetic ulcer
Ac pancreatitis
Constipation
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31
Q

Renal osteodystrophy

A

Chronic renal failure

Due to increased PTH

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32
Q

Short stature

Short 4th and 5th digits

A

Psudohypoparathyroidism

PTH high
Calcium low

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33
Q

Type 2 DM renal changes

A

Glomerulosclerosis- small scarred kidney

Kimmelstiel Wilson nodule

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34
Q

Osmotic damage of Type 2 DM

A

Schwann cells- peripheral neuropathy
Retinal vessels- blindness
Lens- cataract

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35
Q

Gastrinoma

A

Resistant peptic ulcer

Zollinger ellison

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36
Q

Somatostatinoma

A

Aclorhydria ( inhibits gastrin)

Steatorrhea,cholilithiasis ( inhibition of CCK)

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37
Q

VIP oma

A

Watery diarrhea
Hypokalemia
Achlorhydria

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38
Q

hypertension
hypokalemia
met alkalosis

A

hyperaldosteronism

primary aldosterone high and low renin
secondary aldosterone high and high renin with edema

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39
Q

21 hydroxylase

A

hyponatremia
hyperkalemia
salt wasting

female - ambiguity

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40
Q

11 hydroxylase

A

hypertension

female -ambiguity

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41
Q

17 hydroxylase

A

hypertension

low androgen
male - undescended testis

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42
Q

pheochromocytoma associated with

A

MEN 2A and MEN 2B
Von hippel Lindau
neurofibromatosis type 1

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43
Q

pruritic erythematous oozing rash with edema
type 1 hyper
face and flexor surface

A

atopic dermatitis

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44
Q

salmon colored plaques with silvery white scales

A

psoriasis

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45
Q

acanthosis
parakeratosis
micromunroabcess(neutrophils)
auspitz sign

A

psoriasis

extensor surface
scalp

46
Q

pruritic planar polygonal pink purple papule

A

lichen planus

47
Q

reticular white line Wickham striae

inflammation in dermal epidermal saw tooth appearance

A

lichen planus

wrist,elbow,oral mucosa
ass with chronic hepatitis c

48
Q

autoantibody IgG against desmoglein

A

pemphigus vulgaris

49
Q

antibody agaist hemidesmosome BP180

A

bullous pemphigoid

50
Q

acantholysis supra basal blisters
tombstone appearance
nikolsky sign
fish net appearance (immuno)

A

pemphigus vulgaris

skin and oral mucosa

51
Q 
tense bull
linear pattern(immuno)
A

bullous pemphigoid

oral not involved

52
Q

targetoid rash and bullae

central necrosis surrounded by erythema

A

Erythema multiforme

ass with 
HSV
mycoplasma pneumonia
SLE
malignancy
53
Q

coin like waxy stuck on appearance

A

seborrheic keratosis

54
Q

keratin pseudocyst

A

seborrheic keratosis

55
Q

keratin pearls

A

sq cell ca

56
Q

hyperkeratotic scaly plaques on face, back,neck

“more felt than seen”

A

actinic keratosis

precursor for Sq cell ca

57
Q

pustules with erosion and dry crusted honey colored serum
in face
children

A

impetigo

58
Q

pink umblicated papules

children

A

molluscum contagiosa
pox virus

cytoplasmic inclusions (molluscum bodies)

59
Q

mutation in fibroblast growth factor

short extremities with normal central body

A

acondroplasia

60
Q 
carbonic anhydrase II mutation
thick bone
fracture
anemia,leukopenia,thrombocytopenia
hearing loss
hydrocephalus
renal tubular acidosis
A

osteopetrosis

rx
bone marrow transplant

61
Q 
thick bone
bone pain micro fracture
increasing hat size
lion face
hearing loss
A

pages disease of bone

isolated sralkaline phosphatase increase

62
Q

sunburst appearance

codman triangle

A

osteosarcoma

63
Q

soap bubble appearance

A

giant cell tumor

64
Q

onion skin appearance

A

ewings sarcoma

t(11,22)

65
Q

Bouchard nodes PIP

heberden nodes DIP

A

osteoarthritis

66
Q

synovitis,pannus formation,ankylosis,

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

67
Q

swan neck deformity PIP

radial deviation

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

68
Q

central zone of necrosis surrounded by epitheliod histiocytosis

A

Rheumatoid nodules

In skin and visceral organ

69
Q

bakers cyst

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

70
Q

IgM antibody against Fc receptor of IgG

A

Rheumatoid factor

71
Q

negative Rheumatoid factor
involves axial skeleton
HLA B27

A

seronegative spondyloarthropathy

72
Q

bamboo spine
uveitis
aortitis

A

Ankylosis spondyloarthritis

73
Q

arthritis
conjunctivitis
urethritis

A

reactive arthritis(chlamydia trachoma’s 2 to 3 weeks after

74
Q

white chalky crystals of uric acid (tophi) ,renal urate nephropathy

A

Gout

75
Q

needle shaped crystals negative birefringence

A

gout

76
Q

rhomboid shaped with week birefringence

A

pseudo gout

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate

77
Q

b/l proximal muscle weakness

with heliotrope rash,malar rash,gottron papule(red papules on elbow,knucke,knees)

A

dermatomyositis

ass with gastric ca
Perimysial inflammation,perifascicular atrophy CD4

polymyositis-no skin involvement
endomysial inflammation CD8

78
Q

b/l proximal muscle weakness

calf pseudohypertrophy

A

Duchenne muscular
X linked
ass with cardiac failure[myometrium]

79
Q

absent cerebellum

hydrocephalus

A

dandy walker malformation

80
Q

hydrocephalus

meningomyelocele

A

Arnold chiari II

81
Q

lower motor and upper motor neuron weakness
no sensory involvement
atrophy and weakness of hand muscle

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

zinc copper superoxide dismutase mutation(SOD1)

82
Q

ataxia
sensory loss(vibration, position)
lower limb muscle weakness

A

Freidrich ataxia
GAA
frataxin gene - Iron free radicle injury

ass with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

83
Q

Charcot Bouchard microanurysm

lenticulostiate vessels

A

hypertension

intracerebral hge

84
Q

worst headache with xanthochromia

berry aneurysm

A

subarachnoid hge

berry ass with
marfans
Aut dom polycystic kidney

85
Q

lens shaped

middle meningeal artery

A

epidural hge

86
Q

crescent shaped

bridging veins

A

subdural hge

87
Q 
blurred vision
scanning speech
hemiparesis
loss of sensation
bladder,bowel,sexual dysfunction
A

multiple sclerosis

88
Q

MRI - plaques
lumbar puncture - immunoglobulin
with oligoclonal IgG bands
myelin basic protein

A

multiple sclerosis

89
Q

measles

A

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

90
Q

JC virus

A

progressive multifocal encephalopathy

91
Q

hyponatremia fast correction

A

central pontine myelinolysis
b/l paralysis
locked in syndrome

92
Q

neuritic plaque

A

Alzheimer

extracellular core of Abeta AMYLOID

93
Q

neurofibrillary tangle

A

Alzheimer

intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylater TAU protein

94
Q

pick body

A

pick disease

round aggregate of TAU protein

95
Q

lewy body

A

parkinson disease

round eosinophilic inclusion of alpha synuclein

96
Q

dementia
gait abnormality
urinary incontinence

A

normal pressure hydrocephalus

97
Q

prion protein

A

spongiform encephalopathy

intracellular vacuoles-spongy degeneration

98
Q

rapid progressive dementia
ataxia
startle myocolus

A

crutzfelt jacob

99
Q

insomnia

exaggerated startle response

A

familial fatal insomnia[ spongiform encephalopathy]

100
Q

fried egg appearance

A

oligodendroglioma

frontal lobe

101
Q

HLA C

A

PSORIASIS

102
Q

HLA B 27

A

ANKYLOSIS SPODYLOARTHRITIS

103
Q

HLA DR2

A

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS[2 -Sclerosis]

104
Q

HLA DR3 AND DR4

A

TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS

105
Q

HLA DR4

A

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS [ 4 - Arthritis]

106
Q

HLA DR5

A

HASHIMOTOS THYROIDITIS

107
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

Normal pressure hydrocephalus
(Triad of dementia,gait abnormality,urinary incontinence)

Multiple sclerosis
(Bladder,bowel and sexual dysfunctions)
108
Q

Complications of pagets disease

A

High output cardiac failure(AV malformations)
Osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma occurs with
B\L retinoblastoma
Paget’s disease
Radiation exposure

Other tumor ass with radiation exposure
Papillary ca of thyroid

109
Q

Where all Paget’s disease

A

Pagets disease of bone
Cause unknown sometimes viral

Paget’s disease of nipple
Ass with DCIS

Extramammary Paget’s disease
Vulva
Not ass with carcinoma in situ

110
Q

Lesion in face

A

Atopic dermatitis
Face and flexor surface

Seberrohic keratosis
Extremities and face

Actinic keratosis
Face back and neck

Impetigo
Children
Honey coloured crust

111
Q

Oral mucosa lesions

A

Lichen planus
Wickham striae

Pemphigus vulgaris

Steven Johnson syndrome

Pathology (10 decks)

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