Chapter 1 The Microbial World

Question 1

Non-living microbes are ?

Answer 1

acellular

Question 2

Viruses, viroid,and prions are?

Answer 2

non-living microbes

Question 3

Prokaryotes, Archea, Bacteria, and Eukaryotes are ?

Answer 3

living microbes

Question 4

What are microbes?

Answer 4

minute living things that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye

Question 5

Only a minority of microbes are ?

Answer 5

pathogenic (disease causing)

Question 6

_________ are simple, single-celled unicellular organisms

Answer 6

bacteria

Question 7

Enclosed in a nuclear envelope, bacterial cells are called ?

Answer 7

prokaryotes

Question 8

Bacteria are enclosed in cell walls composed of carbohydrate and protein complex called?

Answer 8

peptidoglycan

Question 9

__________ consist of prokaryotic cells, but their cell walls lack peptidoglycan

Answer 9

archea

Question 10

__________ are organisms whose cells have a distinct nucleus containing a cells DNA, surrounded by the nuclear membrane

Answer 10

eukaryotes

Question 11

__________ is a multi-cellular and unicellular eukaryote

Answer 11

fungi

Question 12

Fungi cannot carry out _______

Answer 12

photosynthesis

Question 13

_________ are unicellular eukaryotic microbes

Answer 13

protozoa

Question 14

Protozoa move by pseudopods such as?

Answer 14

flagella and cilia

Question 15

_______ are photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shapes with both sexual and asexual forms.
Usually unicellular

Answer 15

algae

Question 16

_______ are much different from other microbe groups

Answer 16

viruses

Question 17

Viruses are?

Answer 17

acellular

Question 18

The viruses core contains?

Answer 18

one type of nucleic acid. RNA or DNA

Question 19

The viruses core is surrounded by?

Answer 19

a lipid membrane called an envelope

Question 20

Viruses are only considered living when?

Answer 20

they multiply in the host cells they infect

Question 21

obligate intracellular parasite is another name for?

Answer 21

virus

Question 22

______ is a non-living piece of nucleic acid

Answer 22

viroid (plant pathogens)

Question 23

_______ are protein that is 100% fatal if infected

Answer 23

prion (attacks neurological tissue)

Question 24

________ have no nucleus, no organelles (primitive)

Answer 24

prokaryotes

Question 25

Taxonomic Hierarchy

Answer 25

``` Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species ```

Question 26

What does nomenclature mean?

Answer 26

naming organisms

Question 27

Nomenclature has a 2 part naming system

Answer 27

Genus and Species

Question 28

Spontaneous generation

Answer 28

hypothesis that living organisms arise from non-living matter, a "vital force" forms life

Question 29

Biogenesis

Answer 29

hypothesis that the living organisms arise from preexisting life

Question 30

1857-1914 was the?

Answer 30

The Golden Age of Microbiology

Question 31

_________ is the conversion of sugar to alcohol

Answer 31

fermentation

Question 32

Microbial growth causes food spoilage, bacteria that spoils alcohol is?

Answer 32

Acetic Acid

Question 33

________ is the high application of heat for a short time

Answer 33

Pasteurization

Question 34

The study of bacteria

Answer 34

bacteriology

Question 35

the study of fungi

Answer 35

mycology

Question 36

the study of viruses

Answer 36

virology

Question 37

the study of protozoa

Answer 37

parasitology

Question 38

the study of immunity

Answer 38

immunology

Question 39

the study of how microbes inherit traits

Answer 39

microbial genetics

Question 40

the study of how DNA directs protein sythesis

Answer 40

molecular biology

Question 41

the study of an organisms genes

Answer 41

genomics

Question 42

DNA made from 2 different souces

Answer 42

recombinant DNA