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Microbiology > Chapter 1: The Main Themes Of Microbiology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: The Main Themes Of Microbiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Microbiology

A

life not readily visible to the naked eye individually

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2
Q

Exceptions that can be seen with a naked eye in microbiology is..?

A
  • Epulopiscium

- Thiomargarita

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3
Q

Primary Tool used in Microbiology

A

Microscope

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4
Q

What is the subject in Microbiology?

A

Microorganisms (microbes, germs, pathogens)

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5
Q

Examples of microorganisms

A

microbes, germs, pathogens

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6
Q

A carrier is called a?

A

Vector

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7
Q

Vermin

A

disgusting obnoxious animal (fly, rat,)

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8
Q

What is formerly “Normal Flora”?

A

Microbiota

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9
Q

Microbiota

A

formerly “Normal Flora”

-all the microorganisms found in and on the body

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10
Q

Microbiome

A

collection of microbes that live in and on the body

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11
Q

Collection of microbes that live in and on the body

A

MIcrobiome

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12
Q

Metagenome

A

genomes recovered from mixed environmental samples; provides information on diversity of microbe types without isolating or culturing them

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13
Q

Colonies

A
  • clone of an original unit
  • can see with a naked eye
  • 1 cell duplicates
  • DNA of organism determines what it looks like (pigment)
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14
Q

Types of Microorganisms

A
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
  • Protozoa
  • Algae
  • Fungi
  • Animals
  • Viruses
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15
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Bacteria

A
  • Prokaryotic

- single cell

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16
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Archaea

A
  • Prokaryotic
  • single cell
  • live in extreme/unusual habitats ex:volcanoes, glaciers
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17
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Protozoa

A
  • Protist
  • Eukaryotic
  • single cells
18
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Algae

A
  • Protist
  • Eukaryotic
  • single, multi, or colonial cells
19
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Fungi

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • yeasts, molds, mushrooms
  • breaks down host
20
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Animals

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • multicellular
  • helminths (causative agents) aka worms; flat (tapeworm) or round,
21
Q

Types of Microorganisms: Viruses

A
  • Particles
  • Not cells
  • causative agent of disease
  • Parasite
  • DNA or RNA not both
22
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A
  • Has DNA and RNA
  • Cytoplasm (DNA is loose in)
  • Cell Membrane
  • Cell Wall
  • hair like structures
  • Flagella (to move)
  • Ribosomes
23
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A
  • DNA + RNA
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell Membrane
  • Ribosomes
  • Nucleus (DNA inside)
  • Mitochondria
  • animal cell- no cell wall
  • plant cell- cell wall
24
Q

The Standard System Of Measurement in the Sciences?

A

The Metric System

25
Q

The Metric System is set up to measure…?

A
  • Volume
  • Mass (weight)
  • Length (distance)
26
Q

The Basic Unit of Length is..?

A

Meter

27
Q

The Basic Unit of Weight is..?

A

Gram

28
Q

The Basic Unit of Volume is..?

A

Liter

29
Q

In the Metric System, when converting to a LARGER SIZE unit you…

A

DIVIDE the given number by the appropriate factor of 10
-move the decimal point to the left
ex: 55nm = ____um (.055)
nm to um is 3 spaces, so you would move 3 decimal places to the left)

30
Q

In the Metric System, when converting to a SMALLER SIZE unit you….

A

MULTIPLY by the appropriate factor of 10
-move the decimal point to the right
ex: 0.25mm = ____um (250)
(the distance from mm to um is 3 spaces, so you move 3 decimal places to the right)

31
Q

The prefixes added to the basic unit indicate either the _____ of basic units or the _____ of the basic unit

A
  1. Number

2. Fraction

32
Q

Metric Units of Length in Order from High to Low

A

-Kilometer (km) = 1000m
-Hectometer = 100m
-Decameter =10m
-Meter (m) =1m
-Decimeter =1/10m
-Centimeter (cm) =1/100m
-Millimeter (mm) =1/1000m
-
-
-Micrometer (um) =1/1,000,000m
-
-
-Nanometer (nm) =1/1,000,000,000m

33
Q

What causes the flu?

A

a virus

34
Q

Examples of Protozoa

A
  • Amoeba
  • Trichonympha
  • Giardia Intestinalis
35
Q

Example of Protozoa: Amoeba

A

-uses pseudopods that engulf food particles

36
Q

Example of Protozoa: Trichonympha

A
  • exists in gut of termite
  • digests wood
  • not a disease causer
37
Q

Example of Protozoa: Giardia Intestinalis

A
  • in water with feces
  • causative agent
  • something that was sick defecated in the water then you drink it and get sick
38
Q

Examples of Algae

A
  • Pond Algae, Volvox

- Dinoflagellates

39
Q

Examples of Algae: Dinoflagellates

A
  • in water
  • microscopic
  • makes the red tide in the water when there is a lot
  • toxin it produces makes you sick
40
Q

Example of Fungi

A

Mushrooms

  • mass of hairlike filaments
  • can produce toxins
41
Q

Example of Bacteria

A
  • Haemophilus Influenzae
  • false name
  • does not cause the flu
  • rod-shaped

Microbiology (20 decks)

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