Chapter 1 Study Guide Flashcards
Define nutrition
science that links food and health
Define carbohydrate
the main fuel source for some cells
define protein
the main structural material in the body
define lipid
main form for energy storage in the body
define alcohol
not an essential nutrient. very rich in carbs
define vitamin
no calories, enables chemical reactions in body
define mineral
structurally simple, inorganic substances that contain no carbon atoms
define water
a solvent and lubricant, a vehicle for transporting nutrients and waste
define phytochemical
plant sources. not considered an essential nutrient. reduces risk for certain diseases
define calorie
the amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
define fiber
bonds between sugar molecules in certain complex carbs that cannot be broken down
identify diet and lifestyle factors contributing to leading causes of death in north america
obesity and overweight is rampant. obesity leads to many health issues. too much animal sources and fat. sedentary lifestyle.
list major characteristics of north american diet, food habits that need improvement
too much sugar, too little fruits and vegetables. too much sugar, fat and alcohol. moderation and filling half the plate with fruits and vegetables are solutions
define nutrient density
comparing its nutritional content with the amount of calories it provides.
define tolerable upper intake level
maximum chronic daily intake level of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in almost all people in a specific life stage
