Chapter 1: Particles and Nuclides Flashcards
What is the charge and relative charge of a proton?
+1.60 x 10-19 C
+1
What is the mass of a proton?
1.673 x 10-27 kg
What is the charge and relative charge of a neutron?
0 C
0
What is the mass of a neutron?
1.675 x 10-27 kg
What is the charge and relative charge of an electron?
-1.60 x 10-19 C
-1
What is the mass of an electron?
9.11 x 10-31 kg
What is specific charge?
The charge per unit mass for a particle
What is the equation for specific charge?
specific charge = Q/m
Q: charge of the particle (C)
m: mass of the particle (kg)
measured in C/kg
What is a nucleon?
A particle that exists in the nucleus, ie proton and neutron
What is the atomic/ proton number?
The number of protons in the nucleus, denoted by Z
What is the nucleon number?
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons
What is the strong nuclear force?
A force that acts between nucleons in a nucleus to keep it stable.
It is attractive at distances of up to 3fm and repulsive at separations less than 0.5fm.
What is alpha decay?
The process of an unstable nucleus emitting an alpha particle (two protons and two neutrons) to become more stable.
What is beta-minus decay?
The process of a neutron inside a nucleus turning into a proton, and emitting a beta-minus particle (an electron) and an antineutrino
