CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO I/O PSYCH Flashcards
A branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to the workplace
Industrial-organizational psychology
focuses on determining the competencies needed to perform a job, staffing the organization with employees who have those competencies, and increasing those competencies through training.
The industrial approach (the “I” in I/O psychology)
creates an organizational structure and culture that will motivate employees to perform well, give them the necessary information to do their jobs, and provide working conditions that are safe and result in an enjoyable and satisfying work/life environment.
organizational approach (the “O” in I/O psychology)
The field of study that concentrates on the selection and evaluation of employees.
study and practice in such areas as analyzing jobs, recruiting applicants, selecting employees, determining salary levels, training employees, and evaluating employee performance.
Personnel psychology
The field of study that investigates the behavior of employees within the context of an organization.
concerned with the issues of leadership, job satisfaction, employee motivation, organizational communication, conflict management, organizational change, and group processes within an organization.
Organizational psychology
A field of study concentrating on the interaction between humans and machines.
concentrate on workplace design, humanmachine interaction, ergonomics, and physical fatigue and stress.
Human Factors/Ergonomics
An intelligence test developed during World War I and used by the army for soldiers who can read.
Army Alpha
An intelligence test developed during World War I and used by the army for soldiers who cannot read.
Army Beta
year when Walter Dill Scott publishes The Theory of Advertising
1903
the term “industrial psychology” was seldom used prior to World War I. Instead, the common terms for the field were
the term “industrial psychology” was seldom used prior to World War I. Instead, the common terms for the field were
Two of the most interesting figures in the early years of I/O psychology were the husband and wife team of ________who were among the first, if not the first, scientists to improve productivity and reduce fatigue by studying the motions used by workers.
Frank Gilbreth and Lillian Moller Gilbreth
A series of studies, conducted at the Western Electric plant in Hawthorne, Illinois, that have come to represent any change in behavior when people react to a change in the environment.
Hawthorne studies
When employees change their behavior due solely to the fact that they are receiving attention or are being observed.
Hawthorne effect
A situation in which a student works for an organization, either for pay or as a volunteer, to receive practical work experience.
Internship
A paid or unpaid position with an organization that gives a student practical work experience.
Practicum
A formal research paper required of most doctoral students in order to graduate.
Dissertation
An educated prediction about the answer to a research question.
Hypothesis
A systematic set of assumptions regarding the cause and nature of behavior.
Theory
