Chapter 1 - Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

When did the crime decline begin?

A

1992

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2
Q

Are mistakes crime?

A

No

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3
Q

Is negligence crime

A

Yes

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4
Q

What is wrong with the perception “a crime is not committed until the person is found guilty”?

A
  • Only 10% of trials arrest criminals
  • Many crimes go unreported (sexual assaults)
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5
Q

Dark figure of crime

A

Undiscovered or unreported criminal acts

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6
Q

How is crime considered a social construct?

A
  • Laws are based on people’s sense of right or wrong
  • Personal definitions of crime vary
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7
Q

Mala in se

A

True evil (homicide, assault)

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8
Q

Mala prohibita

A

Prohibited evil - changes over time based on morality (prostitution, gambling)

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9
Q

Violence definition

A

Intentional act of physical harm against a non consenting person

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10
Q

Cognitive approach

A

Thoughts and attitudes people hold against social environments and themselves

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11
Q

Biological/Neurological Approach

A

Role of brain damage or abnormalities in antisocial violent behaviour

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12
Q

Developmental approach

A

Changes that influence someone over time that contribute to developing criminal behaviour

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13
Q

Trait

A

Stable tendency of a person to behave in a certain way

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14
Q

Theory definition

A

Statements that can explain the relationship between events

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15
Q

Theories must be

A

1) Scientifically testable
2) Valid
3) Hav the power to explain

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16
Q

Inter-individual difference

A

Variations between two or more people

17
Q

Intra-individual differences

A

variations within the same person

18
Q

Case study

A

In-depth investigation of one person

19
Q

Correlational research design

A

Looks at the relationship between variables

20
Q

Meta-analyses

A

Combines results of multiple studies to strengthen findings

21
Q

Biological/Neurological Approach

A

Role of brain damage in violent behavior

22
Q

Developmental approach

A

Changes in influence across time that contribute to development of criminal behavior

23
Q

Trait

A

Stable tendency for a person to behave in a particular way

24
Q
A