Chapter 1 - Introduction Flashcards
When did the crime decline begin?
1992
Are mistakes crime?
No
Is negligence crime
Yes
What is wrong with the perception “a crime is not committed until the person is found guilty”?
- Only 10% of trials arrest criminals
- Many crimes go unreported (sexual assaults)
Dark figure of crime
Undiscovered or unreported criminal acts
How is crime considered a social construct?
- Laws are based on people’s sense of right or wrong
- Personal definitions of crime vary
Mala in se
True evil (homicide, assault)
Mala prohibita
Prohibited evil - changes over time based on morality (prostitution, gambling)
Violence definition
Intentional act of physical harm against a non consenting person
Cognitive approach
Thoughts and attitudes people hold against social environments and themselves
Biological/Neurological Approach
Role of brain damage or abnormalities in antisocial violent behaviour
Developmental approach
Changes that influence someone over time that contribute to developing criminal behaviour
Trait
Stable tendency of a person to behave in a certain way
Theory definition
Statements that can explain the relationship between events
Theories must be
1) Scientifically testable
2) Valid
3) Hav the power to explain
Inter-individual difference
Variations between two or more people
Intra-individual differences
variations within the same person
Case study
In-depth investigation of one person
Correlational research design
Looks at the relationship between variables
Meta-analyses
Combines results of multiple studies to strengthen findings
Biological/Neurological Approach
Role of brain damage in violent behavior
Developmental approach
Changes in influence across time that contribute to development of criminal behavior
Trait
Stable tendency for a person to behave in a particular way
