Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards
1
Q
what is thinking?
A
- subset of mental activity that involves working w mental representations, planning & coordinating behaviours
2
Q
theoretical approaches to thinking (3)
A
- gestalt approach
- cognitive approach
- dual process account
3
Q
gestalt approach
A
- law of proximity & similarity
- does NOT see the mind as a blank slate
- perceive the whole vs components
4
Q
law of proximity (gestalt approach)
A
- states that features or figures that are near each other will tend to be perceived as belonging to a common object
5
Q
law of similarity (gestalt approach)
A
- states that elements or features in a group of objects are perceived as belonging together if the objects are similar to each other
6
Q
productive thinking (gestalt approach)
A
- thinking that generates new ideas, behaviours or conclusions about the world
- solving a problem w an insight
7
Q
reproductive thinking (gestalt approach)
A
- emphasizes the recall of information from memory
- refer to remembered examples/rules
8
Q
cognitive approach
A
- thinking can be studied experimentally
- emphasizes cognition, mental representation & information processing
9
Q
cognitive approach book
A
“A study of thinking”
- book helped usher modern era of information processing accounts of thinking
10
Q
mental representations (cognitive approach)
A
- stable state of activation within a cognitive system that corresponds to an event, object or idea
- thinking process in manipulating internal representations we have
11
Q
symbolic processing (cognitive approach)
A
- idea that thinking involves manipulating & processing symbols that correspond to things & ideas int he world
12
Q
dual process account
A
- system 1 & system 2
13
Q
system 1 (dual process account)
A
- faster
- more intuitive
- evolutionary primitive system
- unconscious
14
Q
system 2 (dual process account)
A
- slower
- more deliberate
- evolutionarily more recent
- conscious decisions
15
Q
challenges to thinking (2)
A
- multitasking
- incomplete evidence
