Chapter 1: Introduction

Question 1

Developmental Norms

Answer 1

The typical rates of growth, sequences of growth and forms of physical skills, language, cognition, emotion and social behaviour.

Question 2

Culture

Answer 2

The idea that groups of people are organized in specific ways, live in specific environmental niches and share specific attitude’s, beliefs, values, practices and behavioural standards.

Question 3

Ethnicity

Answer 3

Common customs, values, language, traits associated with national origin or geographic area.

Question 4

Race

Answer 4

A distinction based on physical characteristics, can also be associated with shared customs and values.

Question 5

Gender Norms

Answer 5

Expectations based on gender.
Males expectation: aggressive, dominant, active, adventurous
Females expectation: Passive, dependent, quiet, sensitive, emotional.

Question 6

Societal Norms

Answer 6

What is expected in specific settings or social situations (ex: energetic running in a playground is okay but not in a library).

Question 7

Secular Trends

Answer 7

A progressive tendency of changes in the consequentive generations.

Question 8

Demonology

Answer 8

Belief that behaviour result’s from a person being possessed or otherwise influenced by evil spirits/demons.

Question 9

Somatogenesis

Answer 9

Belief that mental disorder can be attributed to bodily malfunction or imbalance.

Question 10

Syndromes

Answer 10

Kraepelin - When particular symptoms tend to occur/group together at the same time

Question 11

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer 11

Sigmund Freud - Psychoanalysis: the 1st modern systematic attempt to understand mental disorders in psychological terms.

Question 12

Psychogenesis : psycho - origin

Answer 12

Belief that mental problems are caused by psychological variables.

Question 13

Behaviorism

Answer 13

John Watson : Emphasized that most behaviour (adaptive/maladaptive) were a result of learning experiences.

Question 14

Social Learning / Cognitive Behavioural Perspectives

Answer 14

Approaches that emphasize the combination of learning principles and the social context and/or cognition are referred to as social learning or cognitive - behavioural perspectives.

Question 15

Mental Hygiene Movement

Answer 15

Aimed to increase understanding, improve treatment and prevent disorder from occurring at all.

Question 16

Child Guidance Movement

Answer 16

Childhood experiences were viewed as influencing adult mental health

Question 17

Therapeutic Alliance

Answer 17

Efforts by a mental health worker to create a trusting personal bond and collaborative treatment with the client.

Question 18

Informed Consent

Answer 18

Requires the client’s consent to participate with full understanding of how treatment will proceed. Children cannot legally give consent and need a guardian to do so.