Chapter 1: Intro and History

Question 1

Cognition

Answer 1

The process of knowing

Question 2

Neuroscience

Answer 2

Study of the nervous system

Question 3

Mind

Answer 3

What the brain does

Question 4

David Marr

Answer 4

Created 3 levels of analysis

Question 5

Computational level

Answer 5

What’s the purpose of behaviors?

Question 6

Algorithmic level

Answer 6

Method, the “recipe”

Question 7

Implementation level

Answer 7

What runs the algorithm?

Question 8

Do we need all three levels to understand behavior?

Answer 8

Usually, no

Question 9

Aristotle believed the “seat of the mind” was in the _______.

Answer 9

Heart

Question 10

Descartes’ theory was called _______.

Answer 10

Dualism

Question 11

Dualism

Answer 11

The view that mind is distinct and separate from the brain

Question 12

Baruch Spinoza’s theory was called _______.

Answer 12

Dual aspect theory

Question 13

Dual aspect theory

Answer 13

The view that the mental and the physical are two aspects of, or perspectives on, the same substance.

Question 14

Thomas Willis

Answer 14

Dissected human brains to create accurate visual representations of their anatomy

Question 15

Phrenology

Answer 15

As different parts of the brain are used, they grow larger (NOT TRUE) also used to support racist biases/beliefs

Question 16

Phrenology supported the claim that the brain’s function is _______.

Answer 16

localized

Question 17

Aggregate field view

Answer 17

The brain’s function is NOT localized

Question 18

Phineas Gage

Answer 18

He suffered an injury that left his left frontal lobe destroyed, leading his personality to shift dramatically

Question 19

Broadmann areas

Answer 19

The Brodmann areas are a way of mapping the cortex and its distinguished functions

Question 20

Hughlings Jackson

Answer 20

Conducted research on epilepsy

Question 21

Jean Pierre Flourens

Answer 21

Took the brains of innocent birds and decided localization wasn’t real (Dumb)

Question 22

Golgi and Cajal

Answer 22

Ramón y Cajal used Camillo Golgi’s staining
methods to bring out differences in nerve cells.
(1888).

Question 23

Rationalism vs. Empiricism

Answer 23

R - based on thought alone
E - Based on evidence and the scientific method

Question 24

Ed Thorndike

Answer 24

Kitties in boxes :( Law of effect

Question 25

Law of effect

Answer 25

Behaviors that are followed by something
pleasant or desired are likely to be repeated.

Behaviors that are followed by something
unwanted are less likely to be repeated.

Results of behavior are the mechanism for
establishing an adaptive response.