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Neuropsychology > chapter 1 info neuropsych > Flashcards

chapter 1 info neuropsych Flashcards

1
Q

frontal lobe

A

organization, direction, inhibition

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2
Q

parietal lobe

A

touch and proprioception (know where body is in space), synthesis

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3
Q

occipital lobe

A

visual

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4
Q

cerebellum

A

monitors and regulars motor behavior, learning and attention

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5
Q

brain stem

A

maintains homeostasis, controls autonomic functions (breathing, heart rate, blood pressure)

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6
Q

limbic system

A

instinct and mood, controls emotions and drives

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7
Q

corpus callosum

A

bundles of fibers that connect the left and right brain

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8
Q

temporal lobe

A

hearing, face/object recognition, emotional reactions

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9
Q

language in

A

left brain

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10
Q

logic in

A

left brain

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11
Q

calculations in

A

left brain

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12
Q

L/R orientation in

A

left brain

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13
Q

finger naming in

A

left brain

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14
Q

speech (motor movement)

A

left brain (brocas area)

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15
Q

right hemibody, hemispace

A

left brain

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16
Q

arousal in

A

right brain

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17
Q

spatial (neglect) in

A

right brain

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18
Q

visuomotor in

A

right brain

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19
Q

emotion in

A

right brain

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20
Q

awareness in

A

right brain

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21
Q

prosody (tone of voice)

A

right brain

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22
Q

left hemibody and hemispace in

A

right brain

23
Q

neuropsychology is

A

the scientific study of the relationship between behavior and brain

24
Q

the brain is

A

an old english word for tissue around skull, 2 symmetrical hemispheres connected by commissures

25
Q

gyri

A

folds of cortex

26
Q

sulci

A

creases between folds, fissures

27
Q

forebrain

A

cerebral cortex, performs higher function like thinking, perception and planning

28
Q

brainstem

A

underlying tube, performs regulatory and movement producing functions

29
Q

spinal cord

A

connected to brainstem and descends down back, performs regulatory and movement functions

30
Q

central nervous system (CNS)

A

brain and spinal cord, tissue doesn’t regenerate after damage

31
Q

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

somatic and autonomic, fibers that carry info to and from CNS, tissue can regenerate after damage

32
Q

Aristotle’s theory of the mind

A

psyche-nonmaterial, responsible for human thoughts perceptions and emotions, mentalism (idea that mind is responsible for behavior)

33
Q

Descartes: mind-body problem

A

body is material and performs like a machine, while the mind is nonmaterial and decides what movements the machine should make. How can nonmaterial mind produce movement in material body

34
Q

dualism

A

position that the mind and body are separate but interact

35
Q

darwin and materialism

A

materialism is rational behavior can be fully explained by the workings of the nervous system

36
Q

localization of function

A

idea that different parts of the brain perform different functions

37
Q

Franz Josef Gali and Johann Casper Spurzheim studied depressions and bumps in skill

A

called phrenology-laid foundation for modern localization of function. cranioscopy is the method used to measure bumps and depressions for personality assessments

38
Q

broca’s aphasia

A

left hemisphere, problem producing speech

39
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

left hemisphere, back of brain, understanding speech

40
Q

wernicke produced

A

first model for organization of language. wernickes area connected to brocas aread via arcuate fasciculus-conduction aphasia. geschwind updated in 1960s

41
Q

Flourens removed areas of cortex of animal brains and studied resulting changes in behavior

A

found no specialization for areas of cortex, specialization of brainstem, refuted localiztion of function

42
Q

hierarchial organization

A

each successively higher level of the neurons system controls more complex aspects of behavior, after damage to higher level behavior becomes more simple

43
Q

HM

A

amnesia, but could learn procedural memory, proves no 1 localization in brain for memory

44
Q

ventral stream

A

“what” stream, mediates actions controlled by conscious visual perception

45
Q

dorsal stream

A

“where” stream, vision for action without conscious awareness

46
Q

neuron hypothesis

A

neurons: are discrete, send electrical signal, communicate with each other via chemical signal(neurotransmitter) across synapse

47
Q

glia

A

nervous system cell, holds neurons together, carry out supportive functions

48
Q

neurons

A

nervous system cell, acquire process and act on info, cell body, dendrites and axons

49
Q

electrical activity

A

stimulates brain to induce movement, transcranial magnetic stimulation

50
Q

Donald Hebb-Hebb or plastic synapses

A

when cells activated at same time, establish or strengthen the synapse, brain is plastic and constantly changing

51
Q

brain imagine

A

produces 2&3 dimensional images of the brain using computers

52
Q

computerized tomography (CT)

A

passage of xrays through head, quick and cheap

53
Q

positron emission tomography (PET)

A

injection of radioactive substances into the blood, substance gives off photons as it decays, computers detect photon origins and construct image of brain

54
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

identifies location of moving molecules by detecting electrical charge generated by movement, high resolution

Neuropsychology (10 decks)

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