Chapter 1 and 2

Question 1

What is the thalamus’s job?

Answer 1

-relay station processes sensory info and sends to other structures (except smell)

Question 2

What is the hypothalamus’s job?

Answer 2

-responsible for drivers, think of it as a thermostat, so temperature, hunger, sex drive etc

Question 3

What is the pituitary gland’s job?

Answer 3

-releasing messages to other endocrine systems

Question 4

What does the corpus callous do?

Answer 4

-it is a bundle of fibres connecting the right and left hemisphere

Question 5

What does the hippocampus do?

Answer 5

-important for memory and learning

Question 6

What does the amygdala do?

Answer 6

-processing emotions

Question 7

What does the pons do?

Answer 7

-its a bridge and it carries information between brain stem and brain

Question 8

What does the medulla oblongata do?

Answer 8

-control autonomic functions like heart rate, respiration

Question 9

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 9

-large motor movements and balance

Question 10

What are the bumps on the brain called?

Answer 10

-gyrus

Question 11

What are the valleys on the brain called?

Answer 11

-sulci

Question 12

What is dissociation logic?

Answer 12

-a method to examine the function of a particular brain region

Question 13

What are the two types of dissociation logic? (2)

Answer 13

-single
-double

Question 14

What is single dissociation?

Answer 14

-we are looking at one person who have some function that has been lost and where the damage is in the brain

Question 15

What is double dissociation? What is an example? (2)

Answer 15

-observing two individuals with different brain damage and opposite deficits
-comparing one person with damage to Broca’s area whose lost the ability to generate language and another with damage to Wernickis area and struggles with language comprehension (they are showing opposite deficits)

Question 16

What happens when Broca’s area is damaged?

Answer 16

-they struggle with generation of language (Walk dog yesterday)

Question 17

What is Wernickis area responsible for?

Answer 17

-language or speech comprehension

Question 18

What is the localization of function?

Answer 18

-finding a specific area of the brain responsible for a function, which means if you damage that area of the brain that you lose that function (Broca and Wernicki)

Question 19

What is aphasia?

Answer 19

-language disorder that affects either expression or comprehension

Question 20

What is distributed processing?

Answer 20

-multiple areas of the brain involved in a single function (facial processing)

Question 21

What is Capgras delusions?

Answer 21

-when the connection between the basic face processing area (FFA) and the amygdala have been severed so the person feels no emotional connection to the faces they love or hate

Question 22

What is choice reaction time?

Answer 22

-refers to the amount of time it takes for a person to respond to a stimulus when there are multiple possible responses, and they must choose the correct one

Question 23

What was Donder’s experiment? What did he conclude? (2)

Answer 23

-you had to react to something like if a light goes on you press a button then you had to discriminate between left and right lights and had to press a different key dependent on which side it was on and this measured choice reaction time
-mental responses cannot be measured directly but can be inferred from behaviour

Question 24

What did Wundt, one of the first cognitive psychologists, promote?

Answer 24

-analytic introspection

Question 25

What did Ebbinghaus study?

Answer 25

-how we learn and forget information over time, focusing on memory retention.

Question 26

What method did Ebbinghaus use?

Answer 26

-He used nonsense syllables (like “ZUP” or “BIJ”) to test pure memory

Question 27

What is the forgetting curve

Answer 27

-A graph showing that memory fades quickly after learning but slows down over time.

Question 28

What was the Little Albert experiment?

Answer 28

-experiment by Watson where a baby who was conditioned to fear a white rat through classical conditioning with a loud noise

Question 29

What did Tolman do?

Answer 29

-trained rats in the four arm maze

Question 30

What are structural models?

Answer 30

-representations of physical structures

Question 31

What are process models?

Answer 31

-represents the processes that are involved in cognitive mechanisms, like a diagram

Question 32

What is a confounding variable?

Answer 32

-when two variables are linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects