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Anatomy 1 > Chapter 1 - Anat/Phys intro > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Anat/Phys intro Flashcards

1
Q

How does the anatomy of a muscle or bone differ from its physiology? Which describes appearance and location and which describes function?

A

Anatomy deals with the form and structure of a muscle or bone. Physiology deals with their function.

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2
Q

How might abnormalities in an animal’s anatomy or physiology have a negative impact on its health and well-being?

A

The functions of the parts of an animal’s body are extremely interrelated. Therefore an abnormality with the anatomy or physiology of one part can affect other parts.

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3
Q

Pleura

A

Thin membrane in thoracic cavity that covers organs

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4
Q

What are the four basic tissues that make up an animal’s body

A

Connective tissue, epithelial, muscle, nervous

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5
Q

How do homeostatic mechanisms influence the health of an animal

A

As conditions inside and outside change, homeostatic mechanisms influence the health of an animal by helping to maintain a fairly constant internal environment inside the body, making life possible.

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6
Q

peritoneum

A

Thin membrane in the abdominal cavity that covers organs

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7
Q

Visceral Layer

A

The visceral layer covers the organs in the thoracic or abdominal civility

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8
Q

Regional anatomy (study of all structures/function) includes:

A

Cells, tissues, blood vessels, nerves, muscles, organs, bones

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9
Q

Systemic Anatomy (study of structure/functions) includes what systems:

A

skeletal, integumentary, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, muscular, sensory, endocrine, urinary, reproductive

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10
Q

Brisket

A

area at the base of the neck, between the front legs that covers the cranial end of the sternum

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11
Q

Parietel

A

The layer of the pleura or peritoneum that lines the thorax or abdomen respectively. Lines the cavity wall.

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12
Q

Ventral Cavity

A

Includes the thoracic and abdominal cavity. These cavities are divided by the diaphragm.

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13
Q

Homeostasis

A

Narrow range of normal health. The maintenance of dynamic equilibrium in the body. Works because of negative feedback systems.

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14
Q

Barrel

A

Trunk of body - formed by rib cage and abdomen

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15
Q

Flank

A

Lateral surface of the abdomen- between the last rib and hind legs

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16
Q

Poll

A

Top of the head, between the base of the ears

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17
Q

Muzzle

A

Rostral part of the face formed mainly by the maxilarly and nasal bones

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18
Q

Withers

A

Area dorsal to the scapulas

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19
Q

Tailhead

A

Dorsal part of base of tail

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20
Q

Hock

A

Tarsus (human ankle)

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21
Q

Stifle

A

femorotibial/Femoropatellar joint - equivalent to the human knee

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22
Q

Fetlock

A

Joint between cannon bone (large metacarpal/metatarsal) and proximal phalanx of hoofed animals

23
Q

knee

A

carpus of hoofed animals

24
Q

Cannon

A

Large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals

25
Q

Pastern

A

Area of the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals

26
Q

Radial Symmetry

A

The animals body radiates out from a center point. An example is a starfish

27
Q

Bilateral Symmetry

A

The animal’s right and left halves are approximate mirror images of each other

28
Q

Dorsal Body Cavity

A

One of two main cavity. It contains the CNS and is divided into the spinal and cranial cavity

29
Q

Caudal

A

towards the tail end of the body

30
Q

thoracic cavity

A

contain the heart, lungs, major blood vessels and esophagus. Also called the pleural cavity

31
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

All the organs of the reproductive, urinary, stomach and intestinal tract (Also called the peritoneal cavity)

32
Q

Orad

A

Movement through the body/gi tract towards the mouth

33
Q

Cranial

A

Towards the head

34
Q

Aborad

A

Movement through the body/GI tract away from the mouth

35
Q

Levels of organization of the body

A

Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems

36
Q

Deep

A

Towards the center (whole body or body part)

37
Q

Distal

A

Away from the center of the body (extremity)

38
Q

Dorsal

A

Towards the top/back of the body

39
Q

lateral

A

Away from the median plane

40
Q

Medial

A

Towards the median plane (divides left/right)

41
Q

Organs

A

Groups of tissues that work together with the same structure and function

42
Q

Palmar

A

Bottom or back of the forelimb from the carpus distally

43
Q

Plantar

A

Bottom or back of the hindlimb from the tarsus distally

44
Q

Rostral

A

Toward the tip of the nose

45
Q

Sagital

A

Dividing the body in left and right sections not necessarily even

46
Q

Sternal

A

Ventral body surface

47
Q

Superficial

A

Shallow, towards the surface

48
Q

Tissues

A

When specialized groups of cells work together with the same structure and function- 4 types: Epithelial, Muscular, Connective, Nervous

49
Q

Transverse

A

Dividing the body in two parts between the head and the tail

50
Q

Ventral

A

Towards the bottom surface of an animal

51
Q

Cells

A

Basic unit of life, can’t subdivide - Structural and functional unit of the body

52
Q

Health

A

A state of normal anatomy and physiology

53
Q

Organ Systems/systems

A

most complex level of the body’s organization. Groups of organs that are involved in a common set of activities. Digestive system is an example

54
Q

Levels of organization

A

Cells, tissues, organs, organ sytems

Anatomy 1 (11 decks)

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