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ARRT > Chapter 1- Abd Sonography Overview > Flashcards

Chapter 1- Abd Sonography Overview Flashcards

1
Q

What type of preparation does a patient need when doing a GB ultrasound?

A

Fast 6-8 hours

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2
Q

What kind of preparation does a patient need when doing a renal ultrasound?

A

Full bladder

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3
Q

What lab value will be elevated when there is sign of infection/inflammation?

A

Wbc

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4
Q

What substance is produced by a cancerous tumor or an organ or structure in response to cancer?

A

Tumor marker

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5
Q

What word would you use to comprare two structures with similar echogenicities?

A

Isoechoic

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6
Q

What organs are considered intraperitoneal?

A

GLOSSI- GB, Liver, Ovaries, Spleen, Stomach, Intestines

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7
Q

What organs are considered retroperitoneal?

A

Sad Pucker- suprarenal glands, aorta/IVC, duodenum, pancreas, ureters, colon, kidneys, esophagus, rectum

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8
Q

What is the condition in which the red blood cell count or hemoglobin is decreased called?

A

Anemia

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9
Q

Where are Chromaffin cells found? And what do they do?

A

In the adrenal medulla and secrete epinephrine and non epinephrine

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10
Q

What is another name for the posterior rt subhepatic space?

A

Morrisons pouch

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11
Q

A normal GB without echoes would be described as?

A

Anechoic

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12
Q

What are components of a simple cyst?

A

Smooth walls or borders
Anechoic
Round in shape

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13
Q

A patient with increased TSH and decreased T4 lab values is likely to have?

A

Hypothyroidism

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14
Q

A patients with a decreased hematocrit is likely to be experiencing?

A

Hemorrhage

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15
Q

What do the standard precautions include?

A

Hand hygiene
PPE
safe injection practices
Safe handling of potential contaminated equipment and surfaces
Respiratory hygiene and coughing etiquette

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16
Q

What does medical asepsis refer to?

A

The practices used to render an object or area free of pathogenic microorganisms

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17
Q

Higher frequency linear array transducers should be used for?

A

Superficial structures, such as thyroid, scrotum, breast and msk

18
Q

What does higher frequency do to the resolution? And penetration?

A

Higher resolution
Less penetration

19
Q

What does the word part “blast” often mean?

A

Childhood malignancy

20
Q

What is another word for gray scale?

A

B-mode or brightness mode

21
Q

What is a benign mass commonly located in the adrenal gland consisting of chromaffin cells called?

A

Pheochromocytoma

22
Q

What cancer originates in the tubules of the kidneys and is aka hypernephroma?

A

Renal cell carcinoma

23
Q

A malignant tumor of the liver is known as?

A

Hepatoma or hepatocellular carcinoma

24
Q

What is another name for nephroblastoma?

A

Wilms tumor

25
Q

What condition causes narrowing or occlusion of the hepatic veins and possibly the IVC

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome

26
Q

What syndrome causes rare complication of pelvic inflammatory disease causing inflammation to the tissue surrounding the liver?

A

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

27
Q

What disease is associated with hyperthyroidism?

A

Graves disease

28
Q

What is Klinefelter syndrome?

A

A genetic condition in which a male has an extra X chromosome

29
Q

The neuroblastoma is a malignant pediatric mass commonly found in the:

A

Adrenal gland

30
Q

A type of reverberation artifact caused by several small, highly reflective interfaces, such as gas bubbles, describes:

A

Comet tail artifact

31
Q

The term cholangiocarcinoma denotes:

A

Bile duct carcinoma

32
Q

What occurs when the Doppler sampling rate (pulse-repetition frequency) is not high enough to display the Doppler frequency shift?

A

Aliasing

33
Q

Which of the following is the space located between the pancreas and the stomach?

A

Lesser sac

34
Q

An angiosarcoma would most likely be discovered in the:

A

Spleen

35
Q

Which is an artifact that alters the echogenicity of a tendon?

A

Anisotropy

36
Q

The gastrinoma would most likely be discovered in the:

A

Pancreas

37
Q

Which of the following is considered to be a malignant testicular neoplasm?

A

Yolk sac tumor

38
Q

Which of the following is caused by the bending of the ultrasound beam when it passes through an interface between two tissues with vastly dissimilar speeds of sound and the angle of the approach is not perpendicular?

A

Refraction

39
Q

These potential spaces extend alongside the ascending and descending colon on both sides of the abdomen.

A

Paracolic gutters

40
Q

What organ has both an endocrine and an exocrine function?

A

Pancreas

ARRT (7 decks)

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