Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is matter?
anything that has mass and occupies space
What are atoms?
building blocks of matter
What are molecules?
2 or more atoms joined together
What is the relationship between atoms and elements?
elements are composed of a unique kind of atom
What does “properties” mean?
description of matter that allows us to distinguish different types of matter
What are the 2 types of properties?
physical and chemical
What are the monoatomic elements?
noble gases
What are the diatomic molecules?
H, N, F, O, I, Cl, Br
How are heterogenous mixtures separated?
filtration
How are homogenous mixtures separated?
distillation
What does chemistry mean?
study of matter, its properties, adn the changes that matter undergoes
What is physical properties?
can be observed or measured without changing the composition OR the identity of the substance
What are the 2 types of physical properties?
intensive and extensive
What is an extensive physical property?
physical property that depends on the amount of substance; ie: weight or volume
What is an intensive physical property?
physical property that is independent on the amount of substance; ie: boiling/freezing pt, density, color, smell, hardness
What is chemical property?
describes a way the substance may change or react to form other substances; ie: combustibility, finert, corrosive | changes the identity of the substance, the “who they are”
What are physical changes?
substance changes in APPEARANCE not in composition | | changes of state (ie: breaking glass, melting solids to liquids, cutting a log)
What are chemical changes?
substance is transformed into a chemcially different substance | any chemical reactions (ie: iron rusts)
What are elements?
composed of one kind of atom | substances that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances (it is as simple as they get)
What are compounds?
substances of 2+ ELEMENTS (ie: H2O)
What are mixtures?
combinations of 2+ SUBSTANCES | each substance keeps their chemical identity
What does chemical identity mean?
the specific characteristics that make the element/substance what it is | the “who” is the chemical/substance
How many grams is in 1 lb?
1 lb = 454 g
How many meters are in 1 mL?
1 mL = 1 cm^3
How many cm are in 1 in?
1 in. = 2.54 cm
