Chapter 1

Question 1

When and what was the Paris Convention?

Answer 1

1919
The first international meeting of aviation oriented
General principles of aviation law and aviation procedures were agreed and adopted

Question 2

What was the significance of the Chicago Convention and when did it take place?

Answer 2

It provided a moral obligation for contracting nations/states to provide safe and efficient ground and flight organisations in their territories
1944

Question 3

What is the ICAO and when was it formed?

Answer 3

The International Civil Aviation Organisation promotes aviation standards and recommended practices internationally.
It is based in Montreal, Canada
Formed in 1947

Question 4

When referring to ‘Articles’ in aviation law, what is meant?

Answer 4

These are the broad principles of the ICAO as laid down by the Chicago Convention

Question 5

Where are the articles of of the ICAO laid down?

Answer 5

In a document known as DOC 7300

Question 6

Who is responsible for implementing DOC 7300?

Answer 6

The contracting state

Question 7

What are the airspace boundaries of a contracting state’s sovereignty?

Answer 7

It has complete and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory

Question 8

What constitutes a state’s territory?

Answer 8

The land and territorial waters over which it has sovereignty

Question 9

What is meant by Article 4 - Misuse of civil aviation?

Answer 9

Each state agrees not to use civil aviation for any purpose contrary to the aims of the Convention

Question 10

What is meant by Article 5 - Right of non-scheduled flight?

Answer 10

Each state must allow aircraft from all other states to fly into or through its airspace or to land without prior permission.
Scheduled international flights are the exception
In remote areas or those with inadequate navigation facilities, prescribed routes or prior permission may then be necessary

Question 11

When may an international flight not have to land at a customs airport?

Answer 11

If it has prior permission to cross the territory without landing

Question 12

Who does a state have a duty to enforce an obedience of air rules upon?

Answer 12

Any aircraft operating within its territory or carrying its nationality mark

Question 13

What are a state’s right of search?

Answer 13

They have the right to search any aircraft or inspect documents when arriving in or departing from its state

Question 14

How is an aircraft’s nationality decided?

Answer 14

It is assigned by the state in which it’s registered

Question 15

What are the rules regarding dual registration for an aircraft?

Answer 15

It may not be registered in more than one state, though it may be changed from one to another

Question 16

What is outlined by Article 22 - Facilitation of formalities?

Answer 16

That it is a state’s duty to facilitate flights between territories and prevent unnecessary delays, particularly in relation to customer, immigration and quarantine

Question 17

What is exempt from duty on an international flight?

Answer 17

Fuel, oil, spare parts and regular on-board equipment if it’s retained on board

Question 18

What is an state’s duty to aircraft in distress?

Answer 18

To assist all aircraft in distress in its territory and allow the owners of the aircraft/state of its registration to assist as appropriate

Question 19

Which ICAO state must conduct air accident inquiries?

Answer 19

That in which the accident occurred

Question 20

How must each state facilitate international aviation?

Answer 20

By:

• Providing radio services, met services and air nav facilities to ICAO standards
• Providing operating standard systems for comms, markings, signals and lighting
• Cooperating internationally in the publication of aeronautical maps and charts

Question 21

List the documents an aircraft must carry on an international flights

Answer 21

• Certificate of Registration
• Certificate of Airworthiness
• Licenses for crew
• Journey logbook
• Appropriate radio licenses
• A list of passengers and embarkation/destination points
• A cargo manifest

Question 22

What are the conditions surrounding the carriage of radio equipment?

Answer 22

• Must be licensed by the state of registration
• Must comply with the regulations of the state being overflown
• The crew using it must be licensed by the state of aircraft registration

Question 23

Where must an aircraft’s C of A be issued?

Answer 23

In the state of registration

Question 24

When may a state not recognise a crew license?

Answer 24

When a flight overflying its own territory contains crew whose licenses have been issued by other states

Question 25

Under what conditions must a state recognise a crew license?

Answer 25

When the license is issued by the state of aircraft registry and compliant with ICAO standards

Question 26

When may a state prohibit the carriage of items across its territory?

Answer 26

For the purposes of public order or safety

Question 27

What is stated regarding photographic apparatus?

Answer 27

Its use may be prohibited or regulated in aircraft when in the state’s territory

Question 28

Give examples of matters for which uniformity of standard compliance are promoted by the ICAO

Answer 28

Comm systems
Airports and landing areas
Aeronautical maps and charts
Meteorological services

Question 29

How are certificate and licensing endorsements demonstrated?

Answer 29

Certificates of Airworthiness and crew licenses must detail any historical non-compliance with legal standards

Question 30

What is the link between licenses and certificates and international flight permission?

Answer 30

C of A and licenses must permit the operation

Question 31

What are ICAO Annexes?

Answer 31

Supplementary documents detailing information on specific subjects and definitions

Question 32

Where can differences from UK ICAO conventions be found?

Answer 32

AIP GEN 1 - 7

Question 33

What is EASA and what does it stand for?

Answer 33

The European Aviation Safety Agency

An EU related aviation agency, which harmonises codes or practice and standards for European flight

Question 34

How are EASA regulations subdivided?

Answer 34

3 regulations
- Basic Regulation
- Aircrew Regulation
- Aircrew Regulation (amended)
Annexes
Parts

Question 35

What is the structure/source of the UK’s enforcement of aviation regulations? Who is the governing body?

Answer 35

The principle source of regulations is called the Air Navigation Order (ANO)
It is enacted by Parliament, who created the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA)

Question 36

What is the AIS and what is its purpose?

Answer 36

An Aeronautical Information Service
It is provided by the CAA
It collects and disseminates the information necessary for safe and efficient air navigation

Question 37

What are the four channels of the AIS?

Answer 37

NOTAM
AIP (GEN, ENR, AD)
AIC
Checklists and Summaries

Question 38

What are NOTAMs?

Answer 38

They contain info on any aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard

Question 39

Which channel of the AIS contains pre-flight route and aerodrome information bulletins?

Answer 39

GEN (AIP)

Question 40

What are AICs and what do they stand for?

Answer 40

Aeronautical Information Circulars are published monthly and concern administrative matters and warnings of operational changes

Question 41

How are the documents of the AIS simplified?

Answer 41

By Civil Aviation Publications (CAPs)

Question 42

What is meant by ‘Schedules’ when referring to UK air law?

Answer 42

These are appendices containing further details to the Articles within the ANO