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Biology 107 POWERPOINT SLIDES > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Biology?

A

The scientific study of life

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2
Q

How does a scientist define life?

A

By identifying shared characteristics of life

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3
Q

What are the 7 characteristics of life?

A
  1. Are organized
  2. Acquire energy
  3. Maintain homeostasis
  4. Grow and develop
  5. Respond to stimuli
  6. Reproduce
  7. Adapt and evolve
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4
Q

What is the chemical levels of organization amongst life?

A

Subatomic particles

Atoms

Biological molecules

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5
Q

What is the cellular level of organization?

A

Biological molecules

Organelles

Cells

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6
Q

What is the lowest level of structure displaying all characteristics of life?

A

A cell

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7
Q

What are the structural and functional units of life?

A

Cells

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8
Q

Cells are enclosed by a….

A

Membrane

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9
Q

What does the cellular membrane do?

A

Regulates the passage of materials to and from the cell

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10
Q

All cells contain _________

A

DNA

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11
Q

What does DNA do? (Broad scope)

A

Directs the cells many activities

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12
Q

At what level do properties of life begin?

A

At the cellular level

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13
Q

What are 5 things cells do?

A
  1. Regulate its internal environment
  2. Take in and use energy
  3. Respond to its environment
  4. Develop and maintain its complex organization
  5. Give rise to new cells
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14
Q

The combination of parts produces what?

A

Emergent properties unique to that specific combination of parts and not intrinsic to any one part

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15
Q

What are the two major categories of cells?

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

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16
Q

How many cells must an organism have?

A

They can be unicellular or multicellular

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17
Q

What are the 13 different organizational levels of life? (Small to big)

AKA The scope of Biology

A
  1. Atoms
  2. Molecules
  3. Macromolecules
  4. Organelles
  5. Cells
  6. Tissues
  7. Organs
  8. Organ systems
  9. Organisms
  10. Population
  11. Community
  12. Ecosystem
  13. Biosphere
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18
Q

All living organisms are composed of ________.

A

Cells

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19
Q

Cells are bounded by a ___________ and contain ___________.

A

Membrane

Genetic information in DNA

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20
Q

What are the 4 kinds of organic molecules contained within all cells?

A

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleus acids

21
Q

How many species have been identified by scientists?

A

1.8 million

22
Q

What is the estimated number of species on earth?

A

10-100+million

23
Q

What is biology’s unifying principle?

A

Evolution

24
Q

In what year did Charles Darwin publish “Origin of a Species”?

A

1859

25
Q

What explains the unity and diversity of life?

A

The evolutionary connections among all organisms

26
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

The branch of biology that classifies and names species

27
Q

What is the hierarchical order species are classified in to?

A
  1. Species
  2. Genus
  3. Family
  4. Order
  5. Class
  6. Phylum
  7. Kingdom
  8. Domain
28
Q

What, of 8, is the least specific/most inclusive classification of species?

A

Domain

29
Q

What is the most specific/least inclusive classification of species?

A

Species

30
Q

What is the scientific name of species?

A

Genus + Species

31
Q

What are the 3 domains of life?

A

Domain Bacteria
Domain Archaea
Domain Eukarya

32
Q

How many branches are in Domain Eukarya?

A

4

33
Q

What are the 4 branches of domain Eukarya?

A

Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
Protista

34
Q

What has more critters? An order or genus?

A

Order

35
Q

What is inductive reasoning?

A

Specific observations —-> general conclusions

36
Q

What is seductive reasoning?

A

General ——> specific

37
Q

What are variables?

A

Factors that have an effect on an experiment

38
Q

What is a controlled experiment?

A

One in which results from an experimental group are compared to a controlled group

39
Q

What are the 3 types of variables?

A

Independent
Dependent
Controlled

40
Q

What is the difference between an experiment and controlled group?

A

The experimental group has an independent variable introduced

41
Q

What type of variable is not changed by other variables?

A

Independent variable

42
Q

What type of variable effects a dependent variable?

A

Independent variable

43
Q

What variable is under investigation in an experiment?

A

Independent variables

44
Q

What is measured and monitored in an experiment?

A

Dependent variable

45
Q

What are controlled variables?

A

Factors that may affect the dependent variable

46
Q

Why must controlled variables remain constant amongst experimental and control groups?

A

Because they may affect the dependent variable, they must remain constant

47
Q

There are no _________ in science.

A

Absolute truths

48
Q

What is the sequence of events in a scientific investigation?

A 
Observe 
Question
Hypothesize
Experiment 
Conclusion

Biology 107 POWERPOINT SLIDES (9 decks)

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