Chapter 1

Question 1

What is Biology?

Answer 1

The scientific study of life

Question 2

How does a scientist define life?

Answer 2

By identifying shared characteristics of life

Question 3

What are the 7 characteristics of life?

Answer 3

1. Are organized
2. Acquire energy
3. Maintain homeostasis
4. Grow and develop
5. Respond to stimuli
6. Reproduce
7. Adapt and evolve

Question 4

What is the chemical levels of organization amongst life?

Answer 4

Subatomic particles

Atoms

Biological molecules

Question 5

What is the cellular level of organization?

Answer 5

Biological molecules

Organelles

Cells

Question 6

What is the lowest level of structure displaying all characteristics of life?

Answer 6

A cell

Question 7

What are the structural and functional units of life?

Answer 7

Cells

Question 8

Cells are enclosed by a….

Answer 8

Membrane

Question 9

What does the cellular membrane do?

Answer 9

Regulates the passage of materials to and from the cell

Question 10

All cells contain _________

Answer 10

DNA

Question 11

What does DNA do? (Broad scope)

Answer 11

Directs the cells many activities

Question 12

At what level do properties of life begin?

Answer 12

At the cellular level

Question 13

What are 5 things cells do?

Answer 13

1. Regulate its internal environment
2. Take in and use energy
3. Respond to its environment
4. Develop and maintain its complex organization
5. Give rise to new cells

Question 14

The combination of parts produces what?

Answer 14

Emergent properties unique to that specific combination of parts and not intrinsic to any one part

Question 15

What are the two major categories of cells?

Answer 15

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Question 16

How many cells must an organism have?

Answer 16

They can be unicellular or multicellular

Question 17

What are the 13 different organizational levels of life? (Small to big)

AKA The scope of Biology

Answer 17

1. Atoms
2. Molecules
3. Macromolecules
4. Organelles
5. Cells
6. Tissues
7. Organs
8. Organ systems
9. Organisms
10. Population
11. Community
12. Ecosystem
13. Biosphere

Question 18

All living organisms are composed of ________.

Answer 18

Cells

Question 19

Cells are bounded by a ___________ and contain ___________.

Answer 19

Membrane

Genetic information in DNA

Question 20

What are the 4 kinds of organic molecules contained within all cells?

Answer 20

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleus acids

Question 21

How many species have been identified by scientists?

Answer 21

1.8 million

Question 22

What is the estimated number of species on earth?

Answer 22

10-100+million

Question 23

What is biology’s unifying principle?

Answer 23

Evolution

Question 24

In what year did Charles Darwin publish “Origin of a Species”?

Answer 24

1859

Question 25

What explains the unity and diversity of life?

Answer 25

The evolutionary connections among all organisms

Question 26

What is taxonomy?

Answer 26

The branch of biology that classifies and names species

Question 27

What is the hierarchical order species are classified in to?

Answer 27

1. Species 2. Genus 3. Family 4. Order 5. Class 6. Phylum 7. Kingdom 8. Domain

Question 28

What, of 8, is the least specific/most inclusive classification of species?

Answer 28

Domain

Question 29

What is the most specific/least inclusive classification of species?

Answer 29

Species

Question 30

What is the scientific name of species?

Answer 30

Genus + Species

Question 31

What are the 3 domains of life?

Answer 31

Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya

Question 32

How many branches are in Domain Eukarya?

Answer 32

4

Question 33

What are the 4 branches of domain Eukarya?

Answer 33

Plantae Fungi Animalia Protista

Question 34

What has more critters? An order or genus?

Answer 34

Order

Question 35

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 35

Specific observations —-> general conclusions

Question 36

What is seductive reasoning?

Answer 36

General ——> specific

Question 37

What are variables?

Answer 37

Factors that have an effect on an experiment

Question 38

What is a controlled experiment?

Answer 38

One in which results from an experimental group are compared to a controlled group

Question 39

What are the 3 types of variables?

Answer 39

Independent Dependent Controlled

Question 40

What is the difference between an experiment and controlled group?

Answer 40

The experimental group has an independent variable introduced

Question 41

What type of variable is not changed by other variables?

Answer 41

Independent variable

Question 42

What type of variable effects a dependent variable?

Answer 42

Independent variable

Question 43

What variable is under investigation in an experiment?

Answer 43

Independent variables

Question 44

What is measured and monitored in an experiment?

Answer 44

Dependent variable

Question 45

What are controlled variables?

Answer 45

Factors that may affect the dependent variable

Question 46

Why must controlled variables remain constant amongst experimental and control groups?

Answer 46

Because they may affect the dependent variable, they must remain constant

Question 47

There are no _________ in science.

Answer 47

Absolute truths

Question 48

What is the sequence of events in a scientific investigation?

Answer 48

``` Observe Question Hypothesize Experiment Conclusion ```