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A&P > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

scientific discipline that investigates the body’s structure

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2
Q

Physiology

A

scientific investigation of the process or function of living things

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3
Q

Gross (Macroscopic)

A

structures examined without a microscope

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4
Q

Regional

A

Studied area by area

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5
Q

Systemic

A

studied system by system

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6
Q

Surface

A

external form and relation to deeper structures as x-ray in anatomic imaging

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7
Q

microscopic

A

structures seen with the microscope

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8
Q

Cytology

A

study of cell anatomy

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9
Q

Histology

A

study of tissue

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10
Q

Cell physiology

A

processes in cells

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11
Q

Neurophysiology

A

the nervous system

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12
Q

Cardiovascular

A

the heart and blood vessels

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13
Q

Pathology

A

structural and functional changes caused by disease

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14
Q

Exercise Physiology

A

changes in structure and function caused by exercise

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15
Q

Structural & Functional Organizations (6)

A
  1. chemical 2. Cell 3. Tissue 4. Organ 5. Organ system 6. Organism
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16
Q

Chemical

A

interaction of atoms/molecules

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17
Q

Cell

A

functional unit of life

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18
Q

Tissue

A

group of similar cells and surrounding materials

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19
Q

Organ

A

one or more tissues functioning together

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20
Q

Organ system

A

group of organs functioning together

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21
Q

Organism

A

any living things

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22
Q

Organization

A

condition in which there are specific relationships and functions

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23
Q

Metabolism

A

all chemical reactions of the body

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24
Q

Responsiveness

A

ability to sense changes and adjust

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25
Q

Growth

A

increase in size and/or number of cells

26
Q

Development

A

changes in an organism over time

27
Q

Differentiation

A

changes from general -> specific

28
Q

Morphogenesis

A

changes in shape of tissues, organs

29
Q

Reproduction

A

new cells or new organisms

30
Q

Homeosstasis

A

the existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body

31
Q

Set point

A

the ideal normal value of a variable

32
Q

Values of variables

A

(things that can change like temperature) fluctuate around the set point. This fluctuation makes a normal range of values.

33
Q

2 types of feedback systems

A

negative and positive

34
Q

Receptor

A

monitors the value of some variable

35
Q

Control center

A

establishes the set point

36
Q

Effector

A

can change the value of the variable

37
Q

Supine

A

lying face up

38
Q

Prone

A

lying face down

39
Q

Superior (Cephalic)

A

toward the head

40
Q

Inferior (Caudal)

A

away from the head

41
Q

Medial

A

towards the middle

42
Q

Lateral

A

away from the middle

43
Q

Proximal

A

towards the body

44
Q

Distal

A

away from the body

45
Q

Superficial

A

towards the surface of the body

46
Q

Deep

A

towards the center of the body

47
Q

Anterior (Ventral)

A

front of the body

48
Q

Posterior (Dorsal)

A

toward the back

49
Q

Median

A

through the midline (middle of the body)

50
Q

Frontal or Coronal

A

divides body into anterior and posterior sections

51
Q

Transverse/ Cross

A

divides body into superior and inferior (top and botten)

52
Q

Oblique

A

other than at a right angle `

53
Q

Longitudinal

A

cut along the length

54
Q

Cross/Tranverse

A

cut at any right angle to length

55
Q

Peri”cardi”um

A

heart

56
Q

Pleura

A

lungs

57
Q

Pertioneum

A

abdominopelvic cavity

58
Q

Radiography (X-ray)

A

shadowy negative of internal body structures

59
Q

Ultrasound (US)

A

computer-analyzed sound waves bounced off structure

60
Q

Computed Tomography (CT Scan)

A

computer-analyzed composite of radiograph;shows slices of body 3D

61
Q

Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)

A

Comparison of radiographs with and without dye. used in blood vessel studies

62
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

A

uses magnetism and radio waves to look for varying alignments of protons in soft tissue

A&P (6 decks)

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