Chapter 1 Flashcards
What where the first hominids?
Australopithecines
What hominid it was called capable man in Latin?
Homo habilis
What was the first to control fire?
Homo erectus
What was the strongest hominid?
Homo Neanderthal
Homo sapiens we’re on every continent except what?
Antarctica
What are the four biological traits of a human?
Large brains, tool making, harnessing fire, and language.
What made Homo sapiens dominant?
Language.
What type of agriculturalist lived with the animals?
Transhumance agriculturalist
What type of agriculturalist traveled with forces with their animals?
Nomadic agriculturalist
Where was wheat barley horses pigs cows and sheep found?
Southwest Asia or middle east
Where was rice found?
East Asia
Where was maze found?
Mesoamerica
Why was agriculture beginning to be bad for humans?
Diets lacked the variety of hunting and gathering, farmers began to appear shorter, they also suffered from disease because of close quarters and died earlier.
How did agriculture turned the corner and change demographics?
More food began being planted unless land, farmers immune system’s strengthened, and the hunters and gatherers began dying quicker than the farmers.
What animal is believed to be the first domesticated animal by humans?
The dog.
A hominid species that appeared 3 million years ago and walked on two legs. Their brain capacity was a little less than one third of a modern humans or about the size of the brain capacity of today’s African apes. Although not humans, they carried the genetic and biological material out of which modern humans would later and emerge.
Australopithecines
Narratives constructed by different cultures that draw on their belief systems and available evidence to explain the origins of the world and humanity.
Creation narratives
Bringing a wild animal or plant under human control.
Domestication
Process by which the different species of the world make changes in response to their environment that enabled them to survive an increase in numbers.
Evolution
Humanlike beings who walked erect and proceeded modern humans.
Hominids
Species that emerged about 1.5 million years ago and had a large brain and walk truly up right.
Homo erectus
Scientific term for skillful man. To making ability truly made the four runners the very distant of modern humans.
Homo habilis
The first humans that emerged in a small region of Africa about 200,000 years ago and migrated out of Africa about 100,000 years ago they had bigger brains and greater dexterity them previous hominid species.
Homo sapiens
Lifestyle in which food is acquired through hunting animals, fishing, and foraging for wild berries, nuts, fruit, and grains, rather than planting crops, vines, or trees. As late as 1500, as much as 15% of the worlds population still lived by this method.
Hunting and gathering
Hurting inbreeding of sheep and goats or other animals as a primary means of subsistence.
Pastoralism
Application of human labor and tools to fix the plot of land for more than one growing cycle. It entailed the change over from a hunting and gathering live south to one based on agriculture, which requires staying in one place until the soil has been exhausted.
Settled agriculture
What continent did humans first appear on?
Africa
One of the big challenges for farmers living on this continent was the continued expansion of the Saharah desert.
Africa
According to the Rig Veda, A collection of stories from this area, the earth was created from the body of 1000, thousand headache, thousand foot giant name Purusha.
South Asia, India
Scientist debate the reason for the disappearance of this road for early humans, named after a gorge in Germany.
Neanderthal
Unearthed in 1947, this early human ancestor was nicknamed Lucy by researchers in honor of the Beatles song Lucy in the sky with diamonds.
Australopithecus
English scientist that outlined this theory of evolution in the book the origin of the species.
Charles Darwin
According to Darwin, what process governs evolution?
Natural selection
