chapter 1, 3, 4, 5

Question 1

What is the difference between a handicap and disability

Answer 1

handicap= moeite met het vervullen van sociale rollen.
disability=niet in staat zijn normaal te functioneren.

Question 2

health behaviour=

Answer 2

behaviour performed by individuals, regardless of their health status, as a means of protecting, promoting or maintaining their health.

Question 3

when can poor health be a cause of social exclusion in certain cultures?

Answer 3

Some cultures believe sickness is a punchment by god.

Question 4

healt psychology perspective can be divided in four layers : Micro, meso, macro, exo. describe the components of each layer.

Answer 4

Question 5

what is meant by DALYs?

Answer 5

disability-adjusted life years. they are the number of years ost due to ill health and premature death.

Question 6

name at least 4 traits that increase the risk o using drugs.

Answer 6

Question 7

what can be a protective family factor against alcohol use?

Answer 7

family cohesion

Question 8

what are four evidence based genetic causes of obisity?

Answer 8

having more fat cells at birth
hormone problems
leptin problems
lower serotonin levels.

Question 9

why do younger people not eat sufficient fruits and vegetables?

Answer 9

they are more concerned with taste and satisfaction of food. This are most of the time sugar and fats.

Question 10

what is the relationship between exercise and cognitive function?

Answer 10

Question 11

what is the difference between a mediator and a moderator in health behaviour.

Answer 11

mediator eg: stress–>coping (Mediator)–>health.

moderator is there a different effect in different levels of social support.
stress–>health (moderated by social support)

Question 12

name the three factors of eysenck’s three-factor model of personality

Answer 12

1. extroversion
2. neuroticism
3. psychoticism

Question 13

what is the difference between descriptive norms and injuctive norms?

Answer 13

• descriptive: what people do
• injunctive how others want you to behave.

Question 14

health behaviours occur in clusters, for example because a person sees themself as healthy they start doing more of these things that confirm this belief. This is called?

Answer 14

PRIME theory

Question 15

attitudes consits of which three components?

Answer 15

1. cognitive: beliefs
2. emotional: feelings
3. behavioural/intentional: what you intend to do

Question 16

ambivalence arises when we…..

Answer 16

don’t resolve the cognitive dissonance and you want to change but don’t

Question 17

why does a positive attitude not automaticaly lead to behaviour?

Answer 17

you can have a positive attitude towards something, but a more positive attitude towards something else.

Question 18

Name at least four limitations of the health belief model

Answer 18

Question 19

which three factors influence physical activity in children?

Answer 19

1. attitudes
2. perceived behavioural control
3. intentions

Question 20

which factor is predictive for physical activity in adults?

Answer 20

subjective norm=perception of social pressure

Question 21

which two factors are not considered in the Theory of planned behaviour?

Answer 21

1. does not look at bidirectional relationships
2. no distinction is made in starting and sustaining behaviour.

Question 22

define implementation intention. What is the purpose of this concept?

Answer 22

an if-then statement in which you describe the context and the desired behaviour.

the gap between intention and behaviour is a plan. This fullfills this role.

Question 23

describe the five stages of the transtheoretical model/stages of change model (TTM/SoC)

explain the stages by using stop smoking as an example.

Answer 23

1: no interest to stop
2: thinking about stopping
3. creating a plan to stop
4. implementing the plan. (everytime a have an urge a pick a piece of gum)
5. new habits form and old ones die out.

Question 24

name at least two limitations of the TTM/SoC

Answer 24

1. motivational factors are not necessary for all fases
2. not everyone fits in one of the five phases.
3. no influence of past. behaviour is taken in to account
4. excludes social aspect