chapter 1, 3, 4, 5 Flashcards
What is the difference between a handicap and disability
handicap= moeite met het vervullen van sociale rollen.
disability=niet in staat zijn normaal te functioneren.
health behaviour=
behaviour performed by individuals, regardless of their health status, as a means of protecting, promoting or maintaining their health.
when can poor health be a cause of social exclusion in certain cultures?
Some cultures believe sickness is a punchment by god.
healt psychology perspective can be divided in four layers : Micro, meso, macro, exo. describe the components of each layer.
what is meant by DALYs?
disability-adjusted life years. they are the number of years ost due to ill health and premature death.
name at least 4 traits that increase the risk o using drugs.
what can be a protective family factor against alcohol use?
family cohesion
what are four evidence based genetic causes of obisity?
having more fat cells at birth
hormone problems
leptin problems
lower serotonin levels.
why do younger people not eat sufficient fruits and vegetables?
they are more concerned with taste and satisfaction of food. This are most of the time sugar and fats.
what is the relationship between exercise and cognitive function?
what is the difference between a mediator and a moderator in health behaviour.
mediator eg: stress–>coping (Mediator)–>health.
moderator is there a different effect in different levels of social support.
stress–>health (moderated by social support)
name the three factors of eysenck’s three-factor model of personality
- extroversion
- neuroticism
- psychoticism
what is the difference between descriptive norms and injuctive norms?
- descriptive: what people do
- injunctive how others want you to behave.
health behaviours occur in clusters, for example because a person sees themself as healthy they start doing more of these things that confirm this belief. This is called?
PRIME theory
attitudes consits of which three components?
- cognitive: beliefs
- emotional: feelings
- behavioural/intentional: what you intend to do
ambivalence arises when we…..
don’t resolve the cognitive dissonance and you want to change but don’t
why does a positive attitude not automaticaly lead to behaviour?
you can have a positive attitude towards something, but a more positive attitude towards something else.
Name at least four limitations of the health belief model
which three factors influence physical activity in children?
- attitudes
- perceived behavioural control
- intentions
which factor is predictive for physical activity in adults?
subjective norm=perception of social pressure
which two factors are not considered in the Theory of planned behaviour?
- does not look at bidirectional relationships
- no distinction is made in starting and sustaining behaviour.
define implementation intention. What is the purpose of this concept?
an if-then statement in which you describe the context and the desired behaviour.
the gap between intention and behaviour is a plan. This fullfills this role.
describe the five stages of the transtheoretical model/stages of change model (TTM/SoC)
explain the stages by using stop smoking as an example.
1: no interest to stop
2: thinking about stopping
3. creating a plan to stop
4. implementing the plan. (everytime a have an urge a pick a piece of gum)
5. new habits form and old ones die out.
name at least two limitations of the TTM/SoC
- motivational factors are not necessary for all fases
- not everyone fits in one of the five phases.
- no influence of past. behaviour is taken in to account
- excludes social aspect
