Chapter 1 Flashcards
2 main cities of early Indian civilization
Harappa and Mohenjo-daro 2600-1900 BCE
How did Mesopotamian priests get their positions?
They inherited them from there fathers
What is the likely reason Egypt didn’t create a code of laws ?
As God on earth, the king was the source of all law.
What were important food crops of the Americas
Maze, Manioc, and Potatoes
Agriculture in Mesopotamia depended on what?
Canals and Irrigation
The motevation for Mesopotamian conquest of far reaching territories was
The need for vital resources
Mesopotamian writing system
Cuneiform
What the temples house in Mesopotamian cities
The cult of the deity or deities
Earliest documented people of Mesopotamia
Summarians
The indus Valley system of writing has…
….not been deciphered
The agricultural revolution(s) occurred in this era
Neolithic
The annual flood of the nile could be described as..
..fairly regular
Merchant activity in Mesopotamia took place without…
coins
Slavery in ancient Egypt was….
limited and of little economic significance
The first recognizable cultural activity of humans was…
stone tool making
Mesopotamia, Egypt, an the Indus Valley Civilization were all…
based on fertile flood plains and river valleys
Mesopotamian society had this many classes…
3
(1) :the free landowning class
(2) :the class of dependent farmers
(3) :the class of slaves
The earliest evidence of agriculture was in the region..
the middle east
what was not included in the Semitic family of languages….
Elamite
What was Hammurabi best known for?
His law code
what happened in the epic of Gilgamesh?
king ordered a temple prostitute to go and lure an animal like man back into civilization with her charms. she teaches him about every day activities and expected customs.
civilization
any group of people with administrative centers, political system based on control, non-food producing activities, status distinction, monuments, records, long distance trade.
culture
learned patterns of action and expression
history
development, transmission. and transformation, of cultural practices and event practices
stone age
2 million years ago- 4000 years ago (stone tools)
paleolithic
old stone age
lasted since 10,000 years ago
neolithic
new stone age (associated with agriculture)
foragers
hunting/food gathering people
agricultural revolution
the transition from gathering food to producing food in different places at different times
holocene
era around 9000 BCE
megalith
big stones related to religious belief
babylon
the most important city in southern Mesopotamia in 2nd and 1st millennia
Summarians
a Mesopotamian civilization ~5000 BCE
Semitic
a family of languages spoken in parts of western asia and northern Africa ( Hebrew, Aramaic , and Phoenician)
city-state
a self governing urban center and the agricultural territories it controlled
Hammurabi
ruler from 1792-1750 BCE who initiated aggressive military
scribe
an administrator of scholar charged by the temple/palace with reading/writing
ziggurat
a multistory, mud-brick , pyramid shaped tower approached by ramps and stairs
amulet
small charm meath to protect bearer from evil
cuneiform
stylized combinations of strokes and wedges (latin for wedge shaped)
pharaoh
an Egyptian King
Ma’at
divinely authorized order of the universe
pyramid
a series of layered stones on top of one another to form an point
memphis
dynasty capital south of Thebes (new kingdom)
Thebes
area of a ruling dynasties capital (old kingdom )
hieroglyphics
Egyptian writing system
papyrus
a paper made from papyrus reeds
mummy
a de-organed sand/salt filled preserved body wrapped in linen
