Chapter 1 Flashcards
Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and wastes in the body?
b
Which process is involved in breaking down ingested food into absorbable molecules?
a) Metabolism
b) Excretion
c) Digestion
d) Absorption
c
The dorsal cavity primarily houses which of the following structures?
a) Heart and lungs
b) Stomach and liver
c) Brain and spinal cord
d) Intestines and kidneys
c
Which part of the body is classified as a ‘sural’ region?
a) Arm
b) Forearm
c) Calf
d) Thigh
c
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
a) Protection of organs
b) Formation of blood cells
c) Production of hormones
d) Storage of minerals
c
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
a) Oxygen transport
b) Returning leaked fluids to the bloodstream
c) Removing waste products
d) Producing enzymes for digestion
b
What is the scientific term for the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment?
a) Metabolism
b) Responsiveness
c) Homeostasis
d) Excretion
c
T or F:
Homeostasis refers to the body’s ability to maintain stable external conditions.
Falsy
internal
The dorsal cavity contains the heart and lungs.
Falsy (The dorsal cavity contains the brain and spinal cord.)
T or F:
The heart is located in the mediastinum within the thoracic cavity.
truey
The anterior surface of the elbow is known as the __________ region.
Antecubital
The __________ cavity houses the brain, while the __________ cavity contains the spinal cord.
cranial, spinal
The __________ system acts as the fast-acting control system of the body, while the __________ system provides long-term control through hormones
nervous, endocrine
What is the scientific term for the plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts?
transverse
The __________ plane divides the body into left and right parts, while the __________ plane divides the body into front and back parts.
saggital, frontal (coronal)
What is the scientific term for the tissue responsible for exchanging gases in the lungs?
Alveoli
What is the name of the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
Diaphragm
What is the scientific term for the process of breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones for energy?
catabolism
Which of the following body systems is primarily responsible for protecting the body and regulating body temperature?
a) Skeletal system
b) Integumentary system
c) Muscular system
d) Endocrine system
b
Which organ system includes the liver, stomach, and intestines?
a) Respiratory system
b) Digestive system
c) Cardiovascular system
d) Lymphatic system
b
What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
a) Lungs
b) Stomach
c) Diaphragm
d) Liver
c
What term refers to the area between the hips?
a) Lumbar
b) Sacral
c) Gluteal
d) Coxal
sacral
A sagittal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
falsy, it divides it into right and left.
the one described is frontal (coronal)
The __________ region refers to the back of the head, while the __________ region refers to the neck.
Occipital, Cervical
The __________ cavity contains the lungs and heart.
thoracic
The process of maintaining internal balance despite external changes is known as __________.
homeostasis
What is the term for the muscle that contracts to move blood through the heart?
Cardiac muscle
Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?
a) Regulation of blood sugar
b) Blood clotting
c) Regulation of body temperature
d) Release of insulin
b
Which body cavity contains the brain and spinal cord?
a) Ventral cavity
b) Dorsal cavity
c) Abdominal cavity
d) Thoracic cavity
b
What is the function of the plasma membrane in maintaining boundaries?
a) It allows all substances to freely enter the cell
b) It selectively allows certain substances in and out of the cell
c) It provides energy to the cell
d) It transports oxygen in the body
b
Which of the following systems does NOT participate in the excretion of waste products?
a) Urinary system
b) Digestive system
c) Reproductive system
d) Respiratory system
Scientific term:
The ability of our body defense changes in the internal or external environment, and then we react to them
Responsiveness or irritability or excitability
Scientific term
, the result of homeostatic response
Feedback
How does the respiratory system work in a cooling process as negative feedback?
The respiratory rate will increase promoting heat loss through exhalation 
Give another name for inferior
Caudal
Give another name for superior
Cranial, cephalad
Give another name for superior
Cranial, cephalad
Fill the blanks (breastbone, intermediate, shoulder, collarbone):
The ___ is ___ between the ____ and ______
Collarbone, intermediate, shoulder and breastbone
Scientific term: a cut to look at the internal structures of the body
Section
When the section is made through the body wall or through an organ, it is made along an imaginary line called ______
A plane
Name the 3 types of sections
Saggital
Frontal (coronal)
Transverse
a cut along the lengthwise, or
longitudinal, dividing the body into right and left
parts.
Saggital section
What’s the difference between the sagittal and midsagittal section?
Both divide body into right and left parts, but in midsagittal: left part = right part
Name two types of sagittal sections
Midsagittal
Parasagittal
cut along a lengthwise plane
that divides the body (or an organ) into anterior
(front) and posterior (back)parts.
Frontal (coronal) section
What’s another name for transverse section?
Cross section
Name the two body cavities that provide protection to organs within them
Dorsal and ventral cavity
Name the subdivisions of the dorsal cavities +what they house
-cranial cavity: houses the skull/brain
-spinal cavity: houses spinal cord
Spinal cavity extends from ________ nearly to the end of _________
Cranial cavity, vertebral column
The structure that contains all organs within chest and abdomen and is much larger than dorsal cavity
The ventral cavity
Scientific term:
Dome shaped muscle that divides the ventral body cavity into superior thoracic cavity and inferior abdominopelvic cavitt
Diaphragm
A central region within the thoracic cavity,
called the ________, houses the heart,
trachea, and several other visceral organs.
Mediastinum
Name the two subdivisions for abdominopelvic cavity and what organs they house
Abdominal cavity: stomach, liver, intestines etc
Pelvic cavity: reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum
Name the other smaller (not encloses) body cavities
Oral, nasal, orbital, middle ear
Scientific term:
area between the neck and abdomen,
supported by the ribs, sternum and costal cartilages;
Thoracic
What is the anatomical name for breastbone srea
Sternal
Anatomical term for armpit
Axillary
Anatomical name for an area occurring in or on the chest
Pectoral
Anatomical name for the genital region
Pubic
Anatomical term for: point of shoulder
Acromial
Anatomical name for the curve of shoulder formed by
large deltoid muscle
Deltoid👍
Anatomical name for the arm
Brachial
Anatomical name for forearm
Antebrachial
T or F:
anatomical names for arm and forearm are brachial and antebrachial, respectively
Treuy
T or F:
anatomical names for arm and forearm are antebrachial and brachial, respectively
Falsy
Opposite
Anatomical name for the posterior surface of the elbow
Olecranal
Anatomical name for wrist
Carpal
Anatomical name for hip
Coxal
Anatomical name for thigh
Femoral
Anatomical name for anterior knee
Patellar
Anatomical name for posterior knee
Popliteal
Anatomical name for anterior part of the leg
Crural
Anatomical name for posterior part of the leg (calf)
Sural
The anatomical name for the anterior part of the leg is sural
Falsy
Crural
Sural is posterior (calf)
Anatomical name for the lateral part of the leg
Fibular
