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Anatomy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and wastes in the body?

A

b

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2
Q

Which process is involved in breaking down ingested food into absorbable molecules?
a) Metabolism
b) Excretion
c) Digestion
d) Absorption

A

c

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3
Q

The dorsal cavity primarily houses which of the following structures?
a) Heart and lungs
b) Stomach and liver
c) Brain and spinal cord
d) Intestines and kidneys

A

c

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4
Q

Which part of the body is classified as a ‘sural’ region?
a) Arm
b) Forearm
c) Calf
d) Thigh

A

c

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5
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
a) Protection of organs
b) Formation of blood cells
c) Production of hormones
d) Storage of minerals

A

c

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6
Q

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
a) Oxygen transport
b) Returning leaked fluids to the bloodstream
c) Removing waste products
d) Producing enzymes for digestion

A

b

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7
Q

What is the scientific term for the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment?
a) Metabolism
b) Responsiveness
c) Homeostasis
d) Excretion

A

c

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8
Q

T or F:
Homeostasis refers to the body’s ability to maintain stable external conditions.

A

Falsy
internal

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9
Q

The dorsal cavity contains the heart and lungs.

A

Falsy (The dorsal cavity contains the brain and spinal cord.)

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10
Q

T or F:
The heart is located in the mediastinum within the thoracic cavity.

A

truey

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11
Q

The anterior surface of the elbow is known as the __________ region.

A

Antecubital

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12
Q

The __________ cavity houses the brain, while the __________ cavity contains the spinal cord.

A

cranial, spinal

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13
Q

The __________ system acts as the fast-acting control system of the body, while the __________ system provides long-term control through hormones

A

nervous, endocrine

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14
Q

What is the scientific term for the plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts?

A

transverse

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14
Q

The __________ plane divides the body into left and right parts, while the __________ plane divides the body into front and back parts.

A

saggital, frontal (coronal)

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15
Q

What is the scientific term for the tissue responsible for exchanging gases in the lungs?

A

Alveoli

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16
Q

What is the name of the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Diaphragm

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17
Q

What is the scientific term for the process of breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones for energy?

A

catabolism

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18
Q

Which of the following body systems is primarily responsible for protecting the body and regulating body temperature?
a) Skeletal system
b) Integumentary system
c) Muscular system
d) Endocrine system

A

b

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19
Q

Which organ system includes the liver, stomach, and intestines?
a) Respiratory system
b) Digestive system
c) Cardiovascular system
d) Lymphatic system

A

b

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20
Q

What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
a) Lungs
b) Stomach
c) Diaphragm
d) Liver

A

c

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21
Q

What term refers to the area between the hips?
a) Lumbar
b) Sacral
c) Gluteal
d) Coxal

A

sacral

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22
Q

A sagittal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

A

falsy, it divides it into right and left.
the one described is frontal (coronal)

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23
Q

The __________ region refers to the back of the head, while the __________ region refers to the neck.

A

Occipital, Cervical

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24
Q

The __________ cavity contains the lungs and heart.

A

thoracic

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25
Q

The process of maintaining internal balance despite external changes is known as __________.

A

homeostasis

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26
Q

What is the term for the muscle that contracts to move blood through the heart?

A

Cardiac muscle

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27
Q

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body?
a) Regulation of blood sugar
b) Blood clotting
c) Regulation of body temperature
d) Release of insulin

A

b

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28
Q

Which body cavity contains the brain and spinal cord?
a) Ventral cavity
b) Dorsal cavity
c) Abdominal cavity
d) Thoracic cavity

A

b

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29
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane in maintaining boundaries?
a) It allows all substances to freely enter the cell
b) It selectively allows certain substances in and out of the cell
c) It provides energy to the cell
d) It transports oxygen in the body

A

b

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30
Q

Which of the following systems does NOT participate in the excretion of waste products?
a) Urinary system
b) Digestive system
c) Reproductive system
d) Respiratory system

A
31
Q

Scientific term:
The ability of our body defense changes in the internal or external environment, and then we react to them

A

Responsiveness or irritability or excitability

32
Q

Scientific term
, the result of homeostatic response

A

Feedback

33
Q

How does the respiratory system work in a cooling process as negative feedback?

A

The respiratory rate will increase promoting heat loss through exhalation 

34
Q

Give another name for inferior

A

Caudal

35
Q

Give another name for superior

A

Cranial, cephalad

36
Q

Give another name for superior

A

Cranial, cephalad

37
Q

Fill the blanks (breastbone, intermediate, shoulder, collarbone):

The ___ is ___ between the ____ and ______

A

Collarbone, intermediate, shoulder and breastbone

38
Q

Scientific term: a cut to look at the internal structures of the body

A

Section

39
Q

When the section is made through the body wall or through an organ, it is made along an imaginary line called ______

A

A plane

40
Q

Name the 3 types of sections

A

Saggital
Frontal (coronal)
Transverse

41
Q

a cut along the lengthwise, or
longitudinal, dividing the body into right and left
parts.

A

Saggital section

42
Q

What’s the difference between the sagittal and midsagittal section?

A

Both divide body into right and left parts, but in midsagittal: left part = right part

43
Q

Name two types of sagittal sections

A

Midsagittal
Parasagittal

44
Q

cut along a lengthwise plane
that divides the body (or an organ) into anterior
(front) and posterior (back)parts.

A

Frontal (coronal) section

45
Q

What’s another name for transverse section?

A

Cross section

46
Q

Name the two body cavities that provide protection to organs within them

A

Dorsal and ventral cavity

47
Q

Name the subdivisions of the dorsal cavities +what they house

A

-cranial cavity: houses the skull/brain

-spinal cavity: houses spinal cord

48
Q

Spinal cavity extends from ________ nearly to the end of _________

A

Cranial cavity, vertebral column

49
Q

The structure that contains all organs within chest and abdomen and is much larger than dorsal cavity

A

The ventral cavity

50
Q

Scientific term:
Dome shaped muscle that divides the ventral body cavity into superior thoracic cavity and inferior abdominopelvic cavitt

A

Diaphragm

51
Q

A central region within the thoracic cavity,
called the ________, houses the heart,
trachea, and several other visceral organs.

A

Mediastinum

52
Q

Name the two subdivisions for abdominopelvic cavity and what organs they house

A

Abdominal cavity: stomach, liver, intestines etc

Pelvic cavity: reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum

53
Q

Name the other smaller (not encloses) body cavities

A

Oral, nasal, orbital, middle ear

54
Q

Scientific term:
area between the neck and abdomen,
supported by the ribs, sternum and costal cartilages;

A

Thoracic

55
Q

What is the anatomical name for breastbone srea

A

Sternal

56
Q

Anatomical term for armpit

A

Axillary

57
Q

Anatomical name for an area occurring in or on the chest

A

Pectoral

58
Q

Anatomical name for the genital region

A

Pubic

59
Q

Anatomical term for: point of shoulder

A

Acromial

60
Q

Anatomical name for the curve of shoulder formed by
large deltoid muscle

A

Deltoid👍

61
Q

Anatomical name for the arm

A

Brachial

62
Q

Anatomical name for forearm

A

Antebrachial

63
Q

T or F:
anatomical names for arm and forearm are brachial and antebrachial, respectively

A

Treuy

64
Q

T or F:

anatomical names for arm and forearm are antebrachial and brachial, respectively

A

Falsy
Opposite

65
Q

Anatomical name for the posterior surface of the elbow

A

Olecranal

66
Q

Anatomical name for wrist

A

Carpal

67
Q

Anatomical name for hip

A

Coxal

68
Q

Anatomical name for thigh

A

Femoral

69
Q

Anatomical name for anterior knee

A

Patellar

70
Q

Anatomical name for posterior knee

A

Popliteal

71
Q

Anatomical name for anterior part of the leg

A

Crural

72
Q

Anatomical name for posterior part of the leg (calf)

A

Sural

73
Q

The anatomical name for the anterior part of the leg is sural

A

Falsy
Crural
Sural is posterior (calf)

74
Q

Anatomical name for the lateral part of the leg

A

Fibular

Anatomy (6 decks)

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