Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO 307 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Hippocrates know for?

A

“Father of Medicine”
Medical practice based on observations and study of the human body
Treat the body as a whole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Aristotle known for?

A

First speculated about the function of the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Herophilus known for?

A

“Father of anatomy”
First to publicly dissect and compare human and animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Galen known for?

A

“Prince of physians”
Stressed importance of experimentation in medicine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who created the idea of an anatomy theater?

A

Leonardo DaVinci in 1500s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was Vesalius known for?

A

“Reformer of anatomy”
1st anatomically correct textbook
Med students worked on operating tables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Claude Bernard known for?

A

Constancy/stability of our internal environment is required for us to exist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Walter Cannon known for?

A

He described our relative constancy of our internal environment as homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anatomy

A

Is defined as the study of structure.
Different from physiology which is functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Microscopic vs macroscopic

A

Microscopic: cannot be observed by the naked eye
Cytology: cellular anatomy
Histology: tissues
Macroscopic: visible to the unaided eye (gross)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Comparative definition (gross)

A

Similarities and differences between species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Developmental definition (gross)

A

Changes in structure from conception to maturity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Embryology definition (gross)

A

Developmental changes prior to birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Regional definition (gross)

A

Structures in a particular region of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Surface definition (gross)

A

Structures as they relate to skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Systemic definition (gross)

A

Gross anatomy of each system in the body (ex. Respiratory, uniary)

17
Q

Define pathologic

A

Anatomic changes from disease

18
Q

Define radiographic

A

Ultrasound, MRI, xray to study relationships between internal structures

19
Q

Define surgical

A

Anatomic landmarks before and after surgery

20
Q

Define organization

A

Complex structure and order

21
Q

Define metabolism

A

Chemical reactions that can:
1. Breakdown ingested nutrients
2. Use the cells own energy to preform functions
3. Contract and relax muscles to move the body

22
Q

Define growth + development

A

Increase size and function

23
Q

Define responsiveness

A

Responding to internal or external environments
- acid reflux/heartburn
- hot and cold temperatures (sweating)

24
Q

Define adaptation

A
  • Altering anatomy, physiology, or behavior to increase long-term reproductive success
  • darkened skin pigment if you live in an area with a lot of sun exposure
25
Q

Define reproduction

A
  • produce new cells for growth, maintenance and repair
  • developing new living organisms
26
Q

Define physiology

A

The study of function
Comparative physiology: study of different species to learn about body functions (basis for our understanding)

27
Q

Define homeostasis

A

Maintaining a constant internal environment
- The main purpose of our physiological mechanisms is to maintain homeostasis
- maintained by a negative feedback loop

28
Q

Steps in maintaining homeostasis (Negative Feedback Loop)

A
  1. Set point: The optimal level for the body to function
  2. Sensors: (receptor) detects changes away from set point
  3. Integrating center: receives info from sensors and elicits a decision
  4. Effectors: makes changes decided by the integrating Center
29
Q

Define negative feedback loop

A

The activity of the effectors leads to a change in the opposite direction of the original change

30
Q

Define positive feedback coop

A

The action of the effector amplifies the changes that stimulated the effector
Ex. Contractions in the uterus, blood clothing

31
Q

Describe anatomic position

A

Feet on floor, head level, eyes forward, arms at side, plams facing forward, thumbs pointing away from body

32
Q

Describe anatomic position

A

Feet on floor, head level, eyes forward, arms at side, plams facing forward, thumbs pointing away from body

33
Q

Define anterior/posterior

A

In front of /In back of
- the stomach is anterior to the spinal cord
- the heart is posterior to the sternum

34
Q

Define dorsal/ventral

A

Back side/belly side
- spinal cord is on the dorsal side
- the belly button is on the ventral side

35
Q

Define superior/inferior

A

Closer to the head/closer to the feet
- the chest is superior to the pelvis
- the stomach is inferior to the heart

36
Q

Define media/lateral

A

Toward the midline/away from the midline
- the lungs are medial to the shoulders
- the arms are lateral to the heart

37
Q

Define proximal/distal

A

Closet to the point of attachment to the trunk/furthest from point of attachment to the trunk
- the elbow is proximal to the hand
- the wrist is distal to the elbow

BIO 307 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions