Chapter 1 Flashcards
True or false: a large amount of a dietitians time is spent interacting with other people
True (patients, students, colleagues, and professionals) - role is varied and challenging
true or false: dietitians need to provide tailored, practical nutritional advice based on the latest scientific research, while at the same time considering carefully how to best communicate with a diverse range of people in different contexts.
True
What include communication as a key subject for dietitians
Curriculum framework for the pre-registration Education and training of Dietitians, launched in 2013
many dietitians describe their role as
one of facilitating behavioral change or of nutrition counseling, and they see themselves guiding others to make appropriate and healthy choices in regards to diet.
Traditionally, communication skills used by dietitians have centered around
advising, teaching, informing and instructing
When using a prescriptive approach, the relationship between patient and health provider is based on
authority
Most patients prefer ___ and ___ approach
individualized and empathetic
prescriptive approach raises issues to
compliance and responsibility; allows and encourages patients to relinquish responsibility for their actions; if patients do not comply, they are in a position to blame the dietitian
prescriptive role mimics
parent and child roles
if a patient does not follow their advice, dietitians are likely to use methods that
allow themselves to be in control such as lecturing
The model Helping People change was used by dietitians to help people
lose weight - model introduced the concept of different psychological phases int he process
the continuum of control
Least control: counseling
Discussing
Advising
Teaching
Most control: instructing
Motivational interviewing began to
provide a framework for exploring and resolving the ambivalence people feel about implementing change
Motivational interviewing is based on the concept of using
collaborative counseling to strengthen an individual’s motivation and commitment
-effectiveness depends on helper being able to assist the person they are helping to develop their own resources for change
Cognitive behavioral therapy
trach the change process
explore and resolve ambivalence
introduce people to strategies for implementing change
Patient centered medicine was coined by ___ in ___
Balint in 1970s
one of hte specific components of the patient centered approach was defined as
enhancing the doctor-patient relationship - build rapport with client
what is one the key dimensions of health
self efficacy
A patient centered approach has been explicitly linked to communication skills
True
list skills dietitians need
demonstrate empathy; reflective listening, build rapport, develop motivation, deliver behavioral change techniques
counseling skills intention
enhance the performance of their primary professoinal role
what type of relationship is discussing and counseling
discussing and counseling
instructing
to get the helpers message across and is practitioner led
teaching
to ensure the person being helped understands the mateiral
advising
to tell the person being helped what to do
discussing
to exchange points of view
counseling
to understand another to help someone move towards making changes
dietitians who can choose to assert control or let go of it will be
highly competent
dietitians who focus on counseling skills maintain a -___ ego state
adult ego state - patient is encouraged to take responsibility for their actions and choices and so is aware that it is their own choice whether or not to follow the information given
Portrait of a dietitian using a counseling approach
believes humans are unique and that each one knows best for how they feel and believe, even if they are not in accord with her own values. She enables her to trust that her patients are able to use her information in a way thats best for them. She is neither naive nor responsible in her attitude, she is realistic, she accepts that each individual has own difficulties
qualities of a good dietitian
trustworthy, honest, reliable, a good listener, caring, knowledgeable, competent
we demonstrate true caring towards another when we feel ___ towards others
empathy
when providing care, the dietitian will be offering the patient
empathy, consideration, acceptance, time to talk within the limits of the appointment
Increasing _____ ____ enables us to learn how we respond emotionally
self-awareness ; about becoming more wholly ourselves
as self-awareness grows so does___
a greater openness to and acceptance of others
____ and ___ develop with self-trust
imagination and intuition
Reflective practice is
being able to reflect upon how one has experienced a situation in a structured way
reflective practice provides
increased learning from an experience or situation
promotion of deep learning
identification of personal and professional strengths
identification of educational needs
further understanding of one’s own beliefs, attitudes and values
_____ is the main tool enabling dietitians to greatly improve upon their communication and counseling skills
reflective practice
Psychoanalytic approach of counseling
psychodynamic counseling: belief that unconscious motives ad drives lead us to behave in a certain way
-past experiences of which we are unaware can be relived when we encounter a similar experience
psychoanalytic approach encourages the client to
explore their past in relation to the present
Behavioral approach
based on the belief that all behavior is learned and can be unlearned; aims first to identify an undesirable behavior and then to replace it with desired behavior by a scheme of positive reinforcement
-cognitive behavioral
humanistic approach to counseling
“increase the range of choices and encourage and enable the client to handle this successfully = conecerned with a client’s throughts, behaviors, and feelings and is useful for problems concerning sel-image when someone believes they are powerless to change their circumstances
humanistic counseling is based on
the idea that their actions are determined by their unconscious
Transactional analysis was founded by and is termed
Eric Berne; Parent Adult Child Ego
systemic therapy aim
help those taking part to develop a different perspective on their problem and discover alternative strategies for coping - group or family is considered a dynamic system
Neuro-linguistic programming was developed by
John Grinder and RIchard Bandler
Mindfulness
approach centered around bringing the focus of attention into the present-moment without judgement; can be valuable to increase self-awareness
What treatment is recommended for adults with recurrent depression and adults with Type II diabetes?
Mindfullness-based CBD - emobdied teaching
barriers that make it harder for dietitians to use counseling skills
lack of confidence, need for further training, lack of management support
