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Bio 105 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

gross anatomy

A

study of large visible structures

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2
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

study of structures too small to be seen

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3
Q

cytology

A

microscopic anatomy of cells

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4
Q

histology

A

microscopic anatomy of tissues

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5
Q

structural organization hierarchy

A

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

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6
Q

what is an organ

A

groups of 2+ tissues working together

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7
Q

provides protection and structure

A

skeletal system

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8
Q

carrie’s nutrients & O/CO2 through blood

A

cardiovascular

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9
Q

brings O to blood and Co2 out

A

respiratory

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10
Q

stores calcium

A

skeletal

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11
Q

communication system through blood

A

endocrine

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12
Q

chemical messenger in endocrine system

A

hormones

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13
Q

provides first like of defense/acts as barrier

A

integumentary

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14
Q

provides movement

A

muscular

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15
Q

provides body heat

A

muscular

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16
Q

synaptic communication system

A

nervous

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17
Q

provides digestion/excretion

A

digestive

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18
Q

related to immune system

A

lymphatic

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19
Q

excreted waste in form of urine

A

urinary

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20
Q

produces sperm and eggs

A

reproductive

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21
Q

maintains body fluid that leaks out of tissues

A

lymphatic

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22
Q

homeostasis

A

state of equilibrium

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23
Q

positive feedback

A

amplifies initial reaction

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24
Q

negative feedback

A

response in opposite direction of initial change

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25
Q

afterent pathways

A

carrie’s stimulus toward CNS

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26
Q

efferent pathway

A

carrie’s stimulus away from CNS

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27
Q

afferent carries info ___ CNS

A

to

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28
Q

efferent carrie’s info ___ CNS

A

from

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29
Q

homeostatic controls

A

1.) receptor
2.) control center
3.) effector

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30
Q

what is a receptor

A

sensor that responds to initial stimuli
measures variable

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31
Q

what is the control center

A

receives input from receptor
compares variable to set point
determines response

32
Q

what is the effector

A

receives output from control center
adjusts variable

33
Q

integrative center is aka

A

control center

34
Q

what is metabolism

A

sun of catabolism + anabolism

35
Q

catabolism

A

break down of molecules

36
Q

anabolism

A

synthesis of molecules

37
Q

requirements for life

A

growth
reproduction
metabolism
digestión
excretion
movement
responsiveness’s
maintaining boundaries

38
Q

standard anatomical position

A

feet slightly apart, head and toes forward, body erect, palms forward

39
Q

superior

A

torward head

40
Q

inferior

A

away from head

41
Q

lateral

A

away from midline

42
Q

medial

A

towards midline

43
Q

anterior

A

front of body

44
Q

posterior

A

back of body

45
Q

proximal

A

near attachment

46
Q

distal

A

farther from attachment

47
Q

superficial

A

towards surface

48
Q

deep

A

deeper

49
Q

axial

A

head, neck, trunk (not including pelvis)

50
Q

appendicular

A

limbs and pelvis

51
Q

sagital

A

left and right

52
Q

coronal

A

anterior posterior

53
Q

transverse

A

superior inferior

54
Q

midsaggital

A

left and right on midline

55
Q

para sagittal

A

sagittal plane not on midline

56
Q

dorsal cavities

A

cranial & vertebral

57
Q

ventral cavities

A

thoracic, abdominal, pelvic

58
Q

cranial encases

A

brain

59
Q

vertebral envases

A

spine

60
Q

thoracic encases

A

lungs & heart

61
Q

abdominal envases

A

stomach, intestines, liver, spleen

62
Q

pelvic

A

bladder, reproductive organs, rectum

63
Q

9 segments of abdominal cavity

A

1.) umbilical
2.) epigastric
3.) hypogastric
4/5) hypochondriac
6/7) lumbar
8/9) illiac

64
Q

abdominal segment middle

A

umbilical

65
Q

abdominal segment upper middle

A

epigastric

66
Q

abdominal segment lower middle

A

hypogastric

67
Q

thoracic cavity segments

A

1/2) pleura cavities
3/4) mediastinum
5) pericardial

68
Q

pleural cavities encases

A

lungs

69
Q

mediastinum

A

1.) superior
2.) inferior (encases pericardium)

70
Q

pericardium cavity

A

in inferior mediastinum
encases heart

71
Q

parietal serous membranes

A

encases entire cavity
(organ AND surrounding fluid)

72
Q

visceral serous membranes

A

encases the actual organ (NOT the entire cavity)

73
Q

pleura membranes

A

lungs

74
Q

pericardium membranes

A

heart

75
Q

peritoneum membranes

A

abdominal

76
Q

serosa membranes

A

any central cavity / organ

Bio 105 (8 decks)

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