chapter 1

Question 1

when did the cold war start

Answer 1

1945-46

Question 2

main features of the cold war

Answer 2

• spying
• propaganda
• arms race
• space race
• loans and aid

Question 3

tehran conference

Answer 3

• november 1943
• stalin, roosevelt and churchill
• britain and the usa agreed to open a second front by invading france in may 1944
• ussr would start war against japan once germany was defeated
• un to be set up after the war
• area of eastern poland added to the ussr

Question 4

yalta conference

Answer 4

• february 1945
• roosevelt, churchill and stalin
• ussr would enter war against japan once germany was defeated
• berlin would be divided into quarters
• nazi war criminals would be tried in international courts
• free elections in countries that had been occupied by germany
• they would all join the un after the end of the war
• eastern europe would be a soviet sphere of influence
• stalin wanted germany to pay reparations + a friendly polish government

Question 5

time between yalta and potsdam

Answer 5

• soviet occupation in eastern europe
• communist government in poland
• demilitarisation in the west while red army continued to grow
• roosevelt replaced by truman in july 1945
• churchill replaced by attlee

Question 6

potsdam conference

Answer 6

july 1945

• germany divided into quarters + demilitarised
• democracy in germany
• germany to pay reparations to the allies
• nazi party banned
• participation in the un

Question 7

disagreements at potsdam

Answer 7

• amount of reparations from germany

- truman wanted free elections but stalin didn’t

Question 8

soviet expansion

Answer 8

stalin wanted a friendly polish government

• wanted buffer states in eastern europe in case of a future invasion
• usa, britain and france believed this was to spread communism

Question 9

long telegram

Answer 9

sent from the usa embassy in moscow to the us and said to take action against soviet expansion in 1946

Question 10

novikov telegram

Answer 10

response to long telegram, from the soviet ambassador in the usa to the ussr

Question 11

poland

Answer 11

coalition government, elections rigged

Question 12

romania

Answer 12

coalition government, soviets disarmed army and won the next election

Question 13

hungary

Answer 13

communists seized control of the police and arrested the leader of the smallholders party, forced the pm to resign and took over the government

Question 14

bulgaria

Answer 14

communist government set up, won rigged elections

Question 15

czechoslovakia

Answer 15

soviets seized control and arrested non-communists, won rigged elections

Question 16

iron curtain speech

Answer 16

• march 1946
• suggested an alliance between the uk and the us to stop soviet expansion
• worsened relations