Chapter 06: The Duel For North America (1608-1763)

Question 1

Huguenots

Answer 1

• French Protestants
• granted toleration by the Edict of Nantes in 1598
• not permitted to settle in New France

Question 2

Edict of Nantes

Answer 2

• documents issued by the crown
• granted limited toleration to French Protestants
• ceasing religious wars

Question 3

Coureurs de Bois

Answer 3

• runners of the woods
• french fur trappers
• voyageurs (travelers), free spenders, two-fisted drinkers
• established trading posts throughout North America
• recuited Indians into the fur business
• fur trade wreaked havoc on the health and folkways of their Native American trading partners
• extinguished the beaver population in the process

Question 4

Voyageurs

Answer 4

• French-Canadian fur traders
• adventurers
• showed how Europeans wrecked Indian way of life.

Question 5

King William’s War

Answer 5

• 1689 to 1697
• a war between British and French
• sometimes involving Indians
• part of a series of wars between major powers fighting for control of the New World

Question 6

Queen Anne’s War

Answer 6

• second of the four imperial wars that were fought between Britain, France, and Spain
• 1702 to 1713
• many Spanish colonial towns were captured and burned by English forces
• American colonists met with military failure creating a feeling of dependence on Britain
• the war ended with Peace of Utrecht

Question 7

War of Jenkin’s Ear

Answer 7

• a land conflict between Brain and Spain over Georgia and trading rights
• battles took place in the Caribbean and on the Florida-Georgia border
• the name comes from a British caption named Jenkin, whose ear was cut off by the Spanish

Question 8

King George’s War

Answer 8

• a land squabble between France and Britain
• France tried to retake Nova Scotia
• ended with a treaty restoring the status quo

Question 9

Acadians

Answer 9

• Cajun
• French colonist in Nova Scotia brutally uprooted by victorious British
• shipped to Louisiana
• the English expelled the peaceful farmers from their homeland during the French and Indian War
• French speaking British-controlled region

Question 10

French and Indian War

Seven Years’ War

Answer 10

• the fourth anglo-French colonial struggle that began with George Washington in the Ohio Valley
• fought in America, Europe, West Indies, Philippines, and Africa
• Britain and Prussia vs. France, Spain, Austria, and Russia
• lasted two years before expanding into seven years

Question 11

Albany Congress

Answer 11

• British government created an inter-colonial congress in Albany, NY
• delegates from only 7 of the 13 colonies showed up
• the purpose was to keep the Iroquois loyal to the British, as well as achieve greater colonial unity and bolster the common defense against France
• guns/gifts given to chiefs

Question 12

regulars

Answer 12

• A group of soldiers in a military who are constantly ready for war, even during a period of peace.
• Trained professional soldiers, as distinct from militia or conscripts

Question 13

Battle of Quebec

Answer 13

• Historic British victory over French forces on the outskirts of Québec (Plains of Abraham).
• The surrender of Québec marked the beginning of the end of French rule in North America.

Question 14

Pontiac’s Uprising

Answer 14

• a bloody campaign waged by Ottawa chief Pontiac to drive the British out of Ohio Country
• an Indian uprising in 1763 after the French and Indian War, led by an Ottowa chief named Pontiac.
• They opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley and began destroying British forts in the area.
• The attacks ended when Pontiac was killed.

Question 15

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 15

• A British law made after the French and Indian War prohibiting colonists from living west of the Appalachian Mountains
• led to the first large-scale revolt