Chapter 05: Colonial Society On The Eve Of Revolution (1700-1775) Flashcards
1
Q
Paxton Boys
A
- a group of Scots-Irish men living in the Appalachian hill that wanted protection from Indian attacks
- made an armed march on Philadelphia in 1764
- protested the lenient way that the Quakers treated the Natives
- their ideas started the Regulator Movement in North Carolina
2
Q
Regulator Movement
A
- 1760s movement by western North Carolinians, mainly Scots-Irish, that resented the way that the Eastern part of the state dominated political affairs
- believe tax money was being unevenly distributed
- many members joined the American Revolutionists
3
Q
Triangular Trade
A
- the backbone of New England’s economy
- ships from New England sailed first to Africa exchanging rum for slaves
- slaves were shipped from Africa to the Caribbean where they were traded for sugar and molasses was used to make rum
4
Q
Molasses Act
A
- the law passed in 1773
- change a trade pattern in the American colonies by taxing molasses imported to colonies not ruled by Britain
- Americans responded to this attempt to damage their international trade by bribing and smuggling
- their protests of this and other laws led to a revolution
5
Q
Great Awakening
A
- religious revival in the American of the 18th century
- a number of new Protestant churches were established
6
Q
Old Lights
A
- Orthodox clergymen who were deeply skeptical of the emotionalism and the antics of the Great Awakening
7
Q
New Lights
A
- revivalist ministers
- emphasized emotive spiritually and encouraged missionary work among the natives
- founded many long-standing educational institutes, such as Princeton, Brown, and Dartmouth
8
Q
Poor Richard’s Almanack
A
- edited by Benjamin Franklin
- emphasized virtues such as thrift, industry, mortality, and common sense
9
Q
Royal Colonies
A
- colonies controlled by the king through governors appointed by him and through the king’s veto power over colonial laws
- British government had total control over them
10
Q
Zenger Trial
A
- 1735, trial of a New York newspaper editor for criticizing a British-appointed governor
- resulted in not guilty because the articles were based on fact not slander
- was the first important victory for freedom of the press in the colonies
- Andrew Hamilton, a well-known Philadelphia lawyer, represented the defendant at no charge
11
Q
Michel-Guillaume Jean de Crevecoeur
A
- French settler on American in the 1770’s
- he posed the question of what “American” is after seeing people in America like he had never seen before
- American really became a mixture of many nationalities
12
Q
Proprietary Colonies
A
- founded by a government charter granted to a company or group of people
- British government had some control
13
Q
Jonathan Edwards
A
- an American theological and Congregation clergyman
- sermons stirred the religious revival called the Great Awakening
- known for his “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” sermon
14
Q
George Whitefield
A
- a great preacher who had recently been an alehouse attendant
- everyone in the colonies loved to hear him preach of love and forgiveness because he had a different style of preaching
- led to new missionary work in the Americas in converting Natives and Africans to Christianity
- also lessened the importance of the old clergy
15
Q
John Trumbull
A
- American Revolutionary artist whose Declaration of Independence was used on the back of the two dollar bill
- American satirical poet
