chap 8 joints And body movements

Question 1

definition of joints/ articulations

Answer 1

sites where two or more bones meet

Question 2

2 functions of joints

Answer 2

hold bones together

allow for mobility, strength

Question 3

joints structures

Answer 3

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

Question 4

fibrous function, joint cavity, and examples

Answer 4

mostly immovable
no joint cavity
skull-sutures
ligament only connections- tibia-fibula

Question 5

cartilaginous functions, joint cavity, examples

Answer 5

both immovable and slightly movable
no joint cavity
temp. epiphyseal plates
intervertebral discs
pubic symphysis

Question 6

what is synovial composed of?

Answer 6

articular cartilage
joint cavity
articular capsule
synovial fluid
reinforcing ligaments
nerves and vessels

Question 7

6 synovial joint types

Answer 7

plane
hinge
pivot
ellipsoid/condyloid
saddle
ball and socket

Question 8

plane movement and example

Answer 8

glide

intertarsal and intercarpal

Question 9

hinge movement and example

Answer 9

one axis
elbow, ankle
between phalanges

Question 10

pivot movement and example

Answer 10

one axis
radius
atlas at dens

Question 11

ellipsoid/condyloid movement and example

Answer 11

biaxial
metacarpophalangeal
wrist

Question 12

saddle movement and example

Answer 12

biaxial

1st carpometacarpal joint

Question 13

ball and socket movement and example

Answer 13

multiaxial

hip, shoulder

Question 14

movements for synovial joints

Answer 14

flexion… extension
abducation… adduction
pronation…. supination
rotation… circumduction
inversion… eversion
dorsiflexion… plantar flexion
elevation… depression
opposition

Question 15

specialized structures of joints

Answer 15

meniscus
bursa
tendon sheath

Question 16

meniscus definition

Answer 16

fibrocartillage dividing joint space

shock absorber

Question 17

functions of meniscus

Answer 17

prevents side to side rocking of femur on tibia

absorbs shock transmitted to knee joint

Question 18

bursa

Answer 18

bag of synovial fluid outside of joint cavity

Question 19

functions of bursa

Answer 19

decreases friction between adjacent structures during joint cavity

Question 20

bursa medical condition

Answer 20

bursitis

Question 21

tendon sheath

Answer 21

elongated bursa around a tendon

Question 22

function of tendon sheath

Answer 22

decreases friction around tendon

Question 23

tendon sheaths medical conditions

Answer 23

tendonitis; inflammation of the tendon sheaths

Question 24

joint injuries

Answer 24

sprains
dislocations
cartilage injuries

Question 25

what is a sprain

Answer 25

torn ligament or tendon

Question 26

what is a dislocation

Answer 26

displacement of bone from normal position

Question 27

cartilage injuries

Answer 27

torn menisci | arthroscopy

Question 28

joint medical conditions

Answer 28

arthritis Lyme disease joint replacements

Question 29

types of arthritis

Answer 29

osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis gouty arthritis

Question 30

osteoarthritis

Answer 30

wear and tear arthritis | articular cartilage degenerates

Question 31

what is rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 31

genetic, autoimmune | misguided antibody that attacks synovial membrane

Question 32

what is gouty arthritis

Answer 32

Utica acid too much damage to the joint, needle like Uric acid crystals extreme pain

Question 33

what is Lyme disease

Answer 33

infected deer tick bite | rash, flu, joint pain, neurological problems

Question 34

joint replacements

Answer 34

arthroplasty | prostheses