Chap 6 Disease Flashcards
1
Q
ROOT
alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o
A
pain
2
Q
ROOT
carcin/o
A
cancer, carcinoma
3
Q
ROOT
cyst/o, cyst/i
A
filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder
4
Q
ROOT
lith
A
calculus, stone
5
Q
ROOT
onc/o
A
tumor
6
Q
ROOT
path/o
A
disease
7
Q
ROOT
py/o
A
pus
8
Q
ROOT
pyr/o, pyret/o
A
fever, fire
9
Q
ROOT
scler/o
A
hard
10
Q
ROOT
tox/o, toxic/o
A
poison
11
Q
What causes infectious disease?
A
Caused by microorganisms: parasites called pathogens
12
Q
What causes degenerative disease?
A
Caused by wear and tear, aging or trauma
13
Q
What causes neoplasia?
A
Abnormal, uncontrolled growth of tissue
14
Q
What are the 8 classes of disease?
A
Infectious Degenerative Neoplasia Immune disorders Metabolic disorders Malnutrition Hormonal disorders Mental and emotion disorders
15
Q
PREFIX
brady-
A
slow
16
Q
PREFIX
dys-
A
abnormal, painful, difficult
17
Q
PREFIX
mal-
A
bad, por
18
Q
PREFIX
pachy-
A
thick
19
Q
PREFIX
tachy-
A
rapid
20
Q
PREFIX
xero-
A
dry
21
Q
SUFFIX
- algia,
- algesia
A
pain
22
Q
SUFFIX
-cele
A
hernia
localized dilation
23
Q
SUFFIX
- clasis,
- clasia
A
breaking
24
Q
SUFFIX
-itis
A
inflammation
25
SUFFIX
| -megaly
enlargement
26
SUFFIX
| -dynia
pain
27
SUFFIX
| -oma (plural -omas, omata)
tumor
28
SUFFUX
| -pathy
nephropathy
29
SUFFIX
- rhage,
- rhagia
bursting forth, profuse flow, hemorrhage
30
SUFFIX
| -rhea
flow, discharge
31
SUFFIX
| -rhexis
rupture
32
SUFFIX
| -schisis
fissure, splitting
33
WORD AS SUFFIX
| dilation, dilatation
expansion, widening
34
WORD AS SUFFIX
| ectasia, ectasis
dilation, dilatation, distension
35
WORD AS SUFFIX
| edema
accumulation of fluid, swelling
36
WORD AS SUFFIX
| lysis
separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction
37
WORD AS SUFFIX
| malacia
softening
38
WORD AS SUFFIX
| necrosis
death of tissue
39
WORD AS SUFFIX
| ptosis
dropping, downward displacement, prolapse
40
WORD AS SUFFIX
| sclerosis
hardening
41
WORD AS SUFFIX
| spasm
sudden contraction, cramp
42
WORD AS SUFFIX
| stasis
suppression, stoppage
43
WORD AS SUFFIX
| stenosis
narrowing, constriction
44
WORD AS SUFFIX
| toxin
poison
45
What are infectious diseases caused by?
```
Viruses
Bacteria
Fungi (yeast and molds)
Protozoa (single-celled animals)
Worms
```
46
PREFIX
| staphyl/o-
grapelike cluster
47
PREFIX
| strept/o-
twisted chain
48
ROOT
| bacill/i, bacill/o
bacillus
49
ROOT
| bacteri/o
bacterium
50
ROOT
| myc/o
fungus, mold
51
ROOT
| vir/o
virus
52
TERM
| acute
Sudden, severe; having a short course
53
TERM
| benign
Not recurrent or malignant; favorable for recovery; describing tumors that do not spread
54
TERM
| carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm composed of epithelial cells (from Greek root carcino, meaning “crab”) (adjective: carcinomatous)
55
TERM
| chronic
Of long duration; progressing slowly
56
TERM
| cyst
An abnormal filled sac or pouch. Used as a root meaning a normal bladder or sac, such as the urinary bladder or gallbladder (root: cyst/o)
57
TERM
| edema
Accumulation of fluid in the tissues; swelling. Adjective edematous
58
TERM
| etiology
The cause of a disease
59
TERM
| Gram stain
A laboratory staining procedure that divides bacteria into two groups: gram-positive, which stain blue, and gram-negative, which stain red
60
TERM
| hernia
Protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening; a rupture
61
TERM
| inflammation
A localized response to tissue injury characterized by heat, pain, redness, and swelling
62
TERM
| lesion
A distinct area of damaged tissue; an injury or wound
63
TERM
| malignant
Growing worse; harmful; tending to cause death; describing an invasive tumor that can spread (metastasize) to other tissues
64
TERM
| metastasis
Spread from one part of the body to another; characteristic of cancer. Verb is metastasize (me-TAS-ta-sīz); adjective: metastatic (met-a-STAT-ik)
65
TERM
| necrosis
Death of tissue (root necr/o means “death”); adjective: necrotic (ne-KROT-ik)
66
TERM
| neoplasm
An abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue, namely, a tumor; may be benign or malignant. From prefix neo- meaning “new” and root plasm meaning “formation.” The root onc/o and the suffix -oma refer to neoplasms.
67
TERM
| parasite
An organism that grows on or in another organism (the host), causing damage to it
68
TERM
| pathogen
An organism capable of causing disease (root path/o means “disease”)
69
TERM
| phagocytosis
The ingestion of organisms, such as invading bacteria or small particles of waste material by a cell (root phag/o means “to eat”). The phagocytic cell, or phagocyte, then destroys the ingested material
70
TERM
| prolapse
A dropping or downward displacement of an organ or part; ptosis
71
TERM
| pus
A product of inflammation consisting of fluid and white blood cells (root: py/o)
72
TERM
| sarcoma
A malignant neoplasm arising from connective tissue (from Greek root sarco, meaning “flesh”) (adjective: sarcomatous)
73
TERM
| sepsis
The presence of harmful microorganisms or their toxins in the blood or other tissues (adjective: septic)
74
TERM
| toxin
A poison (adjective, toxic) (roots: tox/o, toxic/o)
75
TERM
| trauma
A physical or psychological wound or injury
76
TERM
| acid-fast stain
A laboratory staining procedure used mainly to identify the tuberculosis (TB) organism
77
TERM
| communicable
Capable of passing from one person to another, such as an infectious disease
78
TERM
| endemic
Occurring at a low level but continuously in a given region, such as the common cold
79
TERM
| epidemic
Affecting many people in a given region at the same time; a disease that breaks out in a large proportion of a population at a given time
80
TERM
| exacerbation
Worsening of disease; increase in severity of a disease or its symptoms
81
TERM
| iatrogenic
Caused by the effects of treatment (from Greek root iatro-, meaning “physician”)
82
TERM
| idiopathic
Having no known cause (root idio means “self-originating”)
83
TERM
| in situ
Localized, noninvasive (literally “in position”); said of tumors that do not spread, such as carcinoma in situ (CIS)
84
TERM
| normal flora
The microorganisms that normally live on or in the body. These organisms are generally harmless, and often are beneficial, but they can cause disease under special circumstances, such as injury or failure of the immune system
85
TERM
| nosocomial
Describing an infection acquired in a hospital (root nos/o means “disease,” and comial refers to a hospital). Such infections can be a serious problem, especially if they are resistant to antibiotics; for example, there are now strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), which cause troublesome infections in hospital settings
86
TERM
| Opportunistic
Describing an infection that occurs because of a host's poor or altered condition
87
TERM
| Pandemic
Describing a disease that is prevalent throughout an entire region or the world. AIDS is now pandemic in certain regions of the world.
88
TERM
| Remission
A lessening of disease symptoms; the period during which such lessening occurs
89
TERM
| Septicemia
Presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood; blood poisoning
90
TERM
| Systemic
Pertaining to the whole body
91
TERM
| abscess
A localized collection of pus
92
TERM
| adhesion
A uniting of two surfaces or parts that may normally be separated
93
TERM
| anaplasia
Lack of normal differentiation, as shown by cancer cells
94
TERM
| ascites
Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
95
TERM
| cellulitis
A spreading inflammation of tissue
96
TERM
| effusion
Escape of fluid into a cavity or other body part
97
TERM
| exudate
Material that escapes from blood vessels as a result of tissue injury
98
TERM
| fissure
A groove or split
99
TERM
| fistula
An abnormal passage between two organs or from an organ to the surface of the body
100
TERM
| gangrene
Death of tissue, usually caused by lack of blood supply; may be associated with bacterial infection and decomposition
101
TERM
| hyperplasia
Excessive growth of normal cells in normal arrangement
102
TERM
| hypertrophy
An increase in size of an organ without increase in the number of cells; may result from an increase in activity, as in muscles
103
TERM
| induration
Hardening; an abnormally hard spot or place
104
TERM
| metaplasia
Conversion of cells to a form that is not normal for that tissue (prefix meta- means “change”)
105
TERM
| polyp
A tumor attached by a thin stalk
106
TERM
| purulent
Forming or containing pus
107
TERM
| suppuration
Pus formation
108
AF
Acid fast
109
CA
Cancer
110
CIS
Carcinoma in situ
111
FUO
Fever of unknown origin
112
Gm+
Gram-positive
113
Gm-
Gram-negative
114
MRSA
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
115
Staph
Staphylococcus
116
Strep
Streptococcus
117
VRSA
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
